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प्रश्न
Kavita, Leena and Monica are partners in firm sharing profits in the ratio of 1 : 1 : 3 respectively. Their Capital Accounts showed the following balances on 31st March, 2012: Kavita ₹ 70,000; Leena ₹ 65,000 and Monica ₹ 2,10,000. Firm closes its accounts every year on 31st March. Kavita died on 30th September, 2012. In the event of death of any partner, the Partnership Deed provides for the following:
(a) Interest on capital will be calculated at the rate of 6% p.a.
(b) The deceased partner's share in the goodwill of the firm will be calculated on the basis of 2 years' purchase of the average profit of last three years. The profits of the firm for the last three years were ₹ 90,000; ₹ 1,00,000 and ₹ 1,10,000 respectively.
(c) Her share in the Reserve Fund of the firm will be paid. The Reserve Fund of the firm was ₹ 60,000 at the time of Kavita's death.
(d) Her share of profit till the date of death will be calculated on the basis of sales. It is also specified that the sales during the year 2011-12 were ₹ 20,00,000. The sales from 1st April, 2012 to 30th September, 2012 were ₹ 4,00,000. The profit of the firm for the year ending 31st March, 2012 was ₹ 2,00,000.
Prepare Kavita's Capital Account to be presented to his legal representative.
उत्तर
Kavita’s Capital A/c
Dr. |
|
Cr. |
|||
Particulars |
Amount (Rs) |
Particulars |
Amount (Rs) |
||
Kavita’s Executor’s A/c |
1,32,100 |
Capital |
70,000 |
||
|
|
Interest on Capital |
2,100 |
||
|
|
Leena’s Capital A/c* |
10,000 |
||
|
|
Monica’s Capital A/c* |
30,000 |
||
|
|
Share of Reserve |
12,000 |
||
|
|
P & L Suspense A/c** |
8,000 |
||
|
1,32,100 |
|
1,32,100 |
Working Note:
*Calculation of Goodwill
On the basis of 2 yrs purchase of average 3 years profit
`"Average profit" = "Sum of profits"/"No. of years" = (90,000 + 1,00,000 + 1,10,000)/3 = "Rs" 1,00,000`
`"Goodwill" = "Average Profit" xx 2 = "Rs" 1,00,000 xx 2 = "Rs" 2,00,000`
`"Kavita's share of goodwill" = "Rs"2,00,000 xx 1/5 = "Rs" 40,000`
This share will be contributed by remaining partners in their gaining ratio
Gaining Ratio of Leena and Monica = 1 : 3
`"Leena's share of contribution" = 1/4 xx 40,00 = "Rs" 10,000`
`"Monica's share of contribution" = 3/4 xx 40,000 = "Rs" 30,000`
** Sales in the year 2011-12 = 20,00,000
Profit for year 2011-12 = 2,00,000 = 10% of Sales.
Therefore, Profit for the Period 1 Apr – 30th Sep = 10% of Sales of the same period
Share of Profit to be divided = 10% of Rs 4,00,000 = Rs 40,000
Kavita’s Share of Profit = 1/5th of Rs 40,000 = Rs 8,000
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Liabilities |
Amount (₹) |
Assets |
Amount (₹) |
|||
Sundry Creditors |
13,800 |
Cash at Bank | 11,000 | |||
Capital A/cs: | Sundry Debtors | 10,000 | ||||
X |
45,000 |
|
Less: Provision for Doubtful Debts | 200 | 9,800 | |
Y | 30,000 | Stock | 16,000 | |||
Z |
15,000 |
90,000 |
Plant and Machinery |
17,000 |
||
|
|
Land and Building |
50,000 |
|||
1,03,800 |
1,03,800 |
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(b) Provision for Doubtful Debts to be brought up to 5% of Sundry Debtors.
(c) Land and Building to be appreciated by 20%.
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Pass necessary Journal entries and give the Balance Sheet after Y's retirement.
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Liabilities |
Amount (₹) |
Assets |
Amount (₹) |
|||
Creditors |
1,65,000 |
Cash | 1,20,000 | |||
General Reserve | 90,000 | Debtors | 1,35,000 | |||
Capitals: | Less: Provision | 15,000 | 1,20,000 | |||
N | 2,25,000 | Stock | 1,50,000 | |||
S | 3,75,000 | Machinery | 4,50,000 | |||
G |
4,50,000 |
10,50,000 |
Patents |
90,000 |
||
Building | 3,00,000 | |||||
|
|
Profit and Loss Account |
75,000 |
|||
13,05,000 |
13,05,000 |
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Liabilities |
Amount (₹) |
Assets |
Amount (₹) |
||
Creditors |
21,000 |
Cash at Bank | 5,750 | ||
Workmen Compensation Reserve |
12,000 |
Debtors |
40,000 |
|
|
Investments Fluctuation Reserve |
6,000 |
Less: Provision for Doubtful Debts |
2,000 |
38,000 |
|
Capital A/cs: | Stock | 30,000 | |||
X | 68,000 | Investment (Market Value ₹ 17,600) | 15,000 | ||
Y |
32,000 |
|
Patents | 10,000 | |
Z |
21,000 |
1,21,000 |
Machinery |
50,000 |
|
Goodwill | 6,000 | ||||
Advertisement Expenditure | 5,250 | ||||
1,60,000 |
1,60,000 |
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Liabilities |
Amount (₹) |
Assets |
Amount (₹) |
||
Creditors |
30,000 |
Cash in Hand | 18,000 | ||
Bills Payable |
16,000 |
Debtors |
25,000 |
|
|
General Reserve |
12,000 |
Less: Provision for Doubtful Debts |
3,000 |
22,000 |
|
Capital A/cs: | Stock | 18,000 | |||
A |
40,000 |
|
Furniture | 30,000 | |
B | 40,000 | Machinery | 70,000 | ||
C |
30,000 |
1,10,000 |
Goodwill |
10,000 |
|
1,68,000 |
1,68,000 |
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(a) Provision for Doubtful Debts be raised by ₹ 1,000.
(b) Stock to be reduced by 10% and Furniture by 5%.
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(d) Creditors will be written back by ₹ 6,000.
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Liabilities | ₹ | Assets | ₹ | ||
Capital A/cs: | Land and Building | 4,00,000 | |||
Kusum | 4,00,000 | Machinery | 6,00,000 | ||
Sneh | 6,00,000 | Closing Stock | 2,00,000 | ||
Usha | 4,00,000 | 14,00,000 | Sundry Debtors | 2,20,000 | |
Employees' Provident Fund | 70,000 | Less: Provision for Doubtful Debts | 20,000 | ||
Workmen Compensation Reserve | 30,000 | Cash at Bank | 2,00,000 | ||
Sundry Creditors | 1,00,000 | 2,00,000 | |||
16,00,000 | 16,00,000 |
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(b) Machinery be depreciated by 30%.
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(a) His share of goodwill be calculated on the basis of half of the profits credited to his account during the previous four completed years. The firm's profits for the last four years were:
Year | 2015-16 | 2016-17 | 2017-18 | 2018-19 |
Profit (₹) | 1,50,000 | 1,00,000 | 50,000 |
1,00,000
|
(b) His share of profit in the year of his death was to be computed on the basis of average profit of past two years.
Pass necessary Journal entries relating to goodwill and profit to be transferred to Y's Capital Account.
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Liabilities | ₹ | Assets | ₹ | ||
Capital A/cs: | Buildings | 2,00,000 | |||
Virad | 3,00,000 | Machinery | 3,00,000 | ||
Vishad | 2,50,000 | Patents | 1,10,000 | ||
Roma | 1,50,000 | 7,00,000 | Stock | 1,00,000 | |
Reserve Fund | 60,000 | Debtors | 80,000 | ||
Creditors | 1,10,000 | Cash | 80,000 | ||
8,70,000 | 8,70,000 |
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R, S and T were partners sharing profits and losses in the ratio of 5 : 3 : 2 respectively. On 31st March, 2018, their Balance Sheet stood as:
Liabilities |
₹ |
Assets |
₹ |
||
Sundry Creditors |
40,000 |
Goodwill |
25,000 |
||
Bills Payable |
15,000 |
Leasehold |
1,00,000 |
||
Workmen Compensation Reserve |
30,000 |
Patents | 30,000 | ||
Capital A/cs: |
Machinery | 1,50,000 | |||
R | 1,50,000 | Stock | 50,000 | ||
S |
1,25,000 |
Debtors | 40,000 | ||
T |
75,000 |
3,50,000 |
Cash at Bank | 40,000 | |
4,35,000 |
4,35,000 |
T died on 1st August, 2018. It was agreed that:
(a) Goodwill be valued at 212 years' purchase of average of last 4 years' profits which were:
2014-15: ₹ 65,000; 2015-16: ₹ 60,000; 2016-17: ₹ 80,000 and 2017-18: ₹ 75,000.
(b) Machinery be valued at ₹ 1,40,000; Patents be valued at ₹ 40,000; Leasehold be valued at ₹ 1,25,000 on 1st August, 2018.
(c) For the purpose of calculating T's share in the profits of 2018-19, the profits in 2018-19 should be taken to have accrued on the same scale as in 2017-18.
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Find New Profit-sharing Ratio:
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X and Y were partners sharing profits in the ratio of 3 : 2. They admitted P and Q as new partners. X surrendered 1/3rd of his share in favour of P and Y surrendered 1/4th of his share in favour of Q. Calculate new profit-sharing ratio of X, Y, P and Q.
A, B and C shared profits and losses in the ratio of 3 : 2 : 1 respectively. With effect from 1st April, 2019, they agreed to share profits equally. The goodwill of the firm was valued at ₹ 18,000. Pass necessary Journal entries when: (a) Goodwill is adjusted through Partners' Capital Accounts; and (b) Goodwill is raised and written off.
Mandeep, Vinod and Abbas are partners sharing profits and losses in the ratio of 3 : 2 : 1. From 1st April, 2019 they decided to share profits equally. The Partnership Deed provides that in the event of any change in profit-sharing ratio, goodwill shall be valued at three years' purchase of average profit of last five years. The profits and losses of past five years are:
Profit − Year ended 31st March, 2015 − ₹ 1,00,000; 2016 − ₹ 1,50,000; 2018 − ₹ 2,00,000; 2019 − ₹ 2,00,000.
Loss − Year ended 31st March, 2017 − ₹ 50,000.
Pass the Journal entry showing the working.
A and B are partners in a firm sharing profits in the ratio of 2 : 1. They decided with effect from 1st April, 2018, that they would share profits in the ratio of 3 : 2. But, this decision was taken after the profit for the year ended 31st March, 2019 of ₹ 90,000 was distributed in the old ratio.
The profits for the year ended 31st March, 2017 and 2018 were ₹ 60,000 and ₹ 75,000 respectively. It was decided that Goodwill Account will not be opened in the books of the firm and necessary adjustment be made through Capital Accounts which on 31st March, 2019 stood at ₹ 1,50,000 for A and ₹ 90,000 for B.
Pass necessary Journal entries and prepare Capital Accounts.
X and Y are partners in a firm sharing profits and losses in the ratio of 3 : 2. With effect from 1st April, 2019, they decided to share future profits equally. On the date of change in the profit-sharing ratio, the Profit and Loss Account showed a credit balance of ₹ 1,50,000. Record the necessary Journal entry for the distribution of the balance in the Profit and Loss Account immediately before the change in the profit-sharing ratio.
A, B and C are sharing profits and losses in the ratio of 2 : 2 : 1. They decided to share profit w.e.f. 1st April, 2019 in the ratio of 5 : 3 : 2. They also decided not to change the values of assets and liabilities in the books of account. The book values and revised values of assets and liabilities as on the date of change were as follows:
Book values (₹) | Revised values (₹) | |
Machinery | 2,50,000 | 3,00,000 |
Computers | 2,00,000 | 1,75,000 |
Sundry Creditors | 90,000 | 75,000 |
Outstanding Expenses | 15,000 | 25,000 |
Pass an adjustment entry.
X, Y and Z are partners sharing profits and losses in the ratio of 7 : 5 : 4. Their Balance Sheet as at 31st March, 2019 stood as:
Liabilities | Amount (₹) | Assets | Amount (₹) | |
Capital A/cs: | Sundry Assets | 7,00,000 | ||
X | 2,10,000 | |||
Y | 1,50,000 | |||
Z | 1,20,000 | 4,80,000 | ||
General Reserve | 65,000 | |||
Profit and Loss A/c | 25,000 | |||
Creditors | 1,30,000 | |||
7,00,000 | 7,00,000 |
Partners decided that with effect from 1st April, 2019, they will share profits and losses in the ratio of 3 : 2 : 1. For this purpose, goodwill of the firm was valued at ₹ 1,50,000. The partners neither want to record the goodwill nor want to distribute the General Reserve and profits.
Pass a Journal entry to record the change and prepare Balance Sheet of the constituted firm.
A, B and C were partners in a firm sharing profits in the ratio of 3 : 2 : 1. Their Balance Sheet as on 31st March, 2015 was as follows:
Liabilities |
Amount (₹) |
Assets |
Amount (₹) |
|
Creditors | 50,000 | Land | 50,000 | |
Bills Payable | 20,000 | Building | 50,000 | |
General Reserve | 30,000 | Plant | 1,00,000 | |
Capital A/cs: | Stock | 40,000 | ||
A | 1,00,000 | Debtors | 30,000 | |
B | 50,000 | Bank | 5,000 | |
C | 25,000 | 1,75,000 | ||
2,75,000 | 2,75,000 |
From 1st April, 2015, A, B and C decided to share profits equally. For this it was agreed that:
(i) Goodwill of the firm will be valued at ₹ 1,50,000.
(ii) Land will be revalued at ₹ 80,000 and building be depreciated by 6%.
(iii) Creditors of ₹ 6,000 were not likely to be claimed and hence should be written off.
Prepare Revaluation Account, Partners' Capital Accounts and Balance Sheet of the reconstituted firm.
Suresh, Ramesh, Mahesh and Ganesh were partners in a firm sharing profits in the ratio of 2 : 2 : 3 : 3. On 1st April, 2016, their Balance Sheet was as follows:
BALANCE SHEET OF SURESH, RAMESH, MAHESH AND Ganesh
as on 1st April, 2016
Liabilities | Amount (₹) |
Assets | Amount (₹) |
|
Capital A/cs: | Fixed Assets | 6,00,000 | ||
Suresh | 1,00,000 | Current Assets | 3,45,000 | |
Ramesh | 1,50,000 | |||
Mahesh | 2,00,000 | |||
Ganesh | 2,50,000 | 7,00,000 | ||
Sundry Creditors | 1,70,000 | |||
Workmen Compensation Reserve | 75,000 | |||
9,45,000 | 9,45,000 |
From the above date, the partners decided to share the future profits equally. For this purpose the goodwill of the firm was valued at ₹ 90,000. It was also agreed that:
(a) Claim against Workmen Compensation Reserve will be estimated at ₹ 1,00,000 and fixed assets will be depreciated by 10%.
(b) The Capitals of the partners will be adjusted according to the new profit-sharing ratio. For this, necessary cash will be brought or paid by the partners as the case may be.
Prepare Revaluation Account, Partners' Capital Accounts and the Balance Sheet of the reconstituted firm.
Following is the Balance Sheet of A and B, who shared Profits and Losses in the ratio of 2 : 1, as at 1st April, 2019:
BALANCE SHEET OF A AND B
as on 1st April, 2019
Liabilities | Amount (₹) |
Assets |
Amount (₹) |
|
Capital A/cs: | Land ad Building | 2,90,000 | ||
A | 3,00,000 | Furniture | 80,000 | |
B | 2,00,000 | 5,00,000 | Stock | 2,40,000 |
Reserve | 1,50,000 | Debtors | 1,50,000 | |
Creditors | 2,00,000 | Bank | 60,000 | |
Cash | 30,000 | |||
8,50,000 | 8,50,000 |
On the above date, the partners changed their profit-sharing ratio to 3 : 2. For this purpose, the goodwill of the firm was valued at ₹ 3,00,000. The partners also agreed for the following:
(a) The value of Land and Building will be ₹ 5,00,000;
(b) Reserve is to be maintained at ₹ 3,00,000.
(c) The total capital of the partners in the new firm will be ₹ 6,00,000, which will be shared by the partners in their new profit-sharing ratio.
Prepare Revaluation Account, Partners' Capital Accounts and the Balance Sheet of the reconstituted firm.
Atul and Neera were partners in firm sharing profits in the ratio of 3: 2. They admitted Mitali as a new partner. Goodwill of the firm was valued at ₹ 2,00,000. Mitali brings her share of a goodwill premium of ₹ 20,000 in cash, which is entirely credited to Atul's Capital Account. Calculate the new profit sharing ratio.
P, Q, and R were partners in firm sharing profits in the ratio of 1 : 1: 2. On 31st March 2018, their balance sheet showed a credit balance of ₹ 9,000 in the profit and loss account and a Workmen Compensation Fund of ₹ 64,000. From 1st April 2018, they decided to share profits in the ratio of 2: 2: 1. For this purpose, it was agreed that:
(a) Goodwill of the firm was valued at ₹ 4,00,000.
(b) A claim on account of workmen compensation of ₹ 30,000 were admitted.
Pass necessary journal entries on the reconstitution of the firm.
On retirement/death of a partner, the remaining partner(s) who have gained due to change in profit sharing ratio should compensate the ______
How is the new profit sharing ratio mathematically stated?
A, B and C are partners sharing profit in the ratio of 2 : 2 : 1. C retired. The new Profit Sharing ratio between A and B will be:
A and B were partners. They shared profits as A-`1/2`, B-`1/3` and carried to reserve `1/6`. B died. The balance of reserve on the date of B's death was ₹ 30,000. B's share of a reserve will be: