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प्रश्न
Lalita wants to buy shares of Akbar Enterprises, through her broker Kushvinder. She has a Demat Account and a bank account for cash transactions in the securities market. Discuss the subsequent steps involved in the screen-based trading for buying and selling of securities in this case.
State the first three steps involved in the screen-based trading for buying and selling of securities.
उत्तर
The subsequent steps involved in the screen-based trading for buying and selling of securities, in this case, are as follows
- If an investor wishes to buy or sell any security he has to first approach a registered broker or sub-broker and enter into an agreement with him. The investor has to sign a broker-client agreement and a client registration form before placing an order to buy or sell securities. He has also to provide certain other details and information. These include:-
- PAN number (This is mandatory)
- Date of birth and address.
- Educational qualification and occupation.
- Residential status (Indian/ NRI).
- Bank account details.
- Depository account details. Etc.
- The investor has to open a ‘Demat’ account or ‘beneficial owner’ (BO) account with a depository participant (DP) for holding and transferring securities in the Demat form. He/She will also have to open a bank account for cash transactions in the securities market.
- The investor then places an order with the broker to buy or sell shares. Clear instructions have to be given about the number of shares and the price at which the shares should be bought or sold. An order confirmation slip is issued to the investor by the broker.
- The broker then will go on-line and connect to the main stock exchange and match the share and best price available.
- When the shares can be bought or sold at the price mentioned, it will be communicated to the broker’s terminal and the order will be executed electronically. The broker will issue a trade confirmation slip to the investor.
- After the trade has been executed, within 24 hours the broker issues a Contract Note. This note contains details of the number of shares bought or sold, the price, the date and time of deal, and the brokerage charges. This is an important document as it is legally enforceable and helps to settle disputes/claims between the investor and the broker. A Unique Order Code number is assigned to each transaction by the stock exchange and is printed on the contract note.
- Now, the investor has to deliver the shares sold or pay cash for the shares bought. This should be done immediately after receiving the contract note or before the day when the broker shall make payment or delivery of shares to the exchange. This is called the pay-in day.
- Cash is paid or securities are delivered on pay-in day, which is before the T+2 day as the deal has to be settled and finalized on the T+2 day. The settlement cycle is on T+2 day on a rolling settlement basis.
- On the T+2 day, the exchange will deliver the share or make payment to the other broker. This is called the pay-out day. The broker then has to make payment to the investor within 24 hour of the pay-out day since he has already received payment from the exchange.
- The broker can make delivery of shares in Demat form directly to the investor’s Demat account. The investor has to give details of his Demat account and instruct his depository participant to take delivery of securities directly in his beneficial owner account.
Notes
Students should refer to the answer according to their questions.
संबंधित प्रश्न
Mr. Sanjay Nehra was the Chairman of 'Taran Bank.' The bank was earning good profits. Shareholders were happy as the bank was paying regular dividends. The market price of their shares was also steadily rising. The bank was about to announce taking over of 'Vena Bank.' Mr. Sanjay Nehra knew that the share price of 'Taran Bank' would rise on this announcement. Being a part of the bank, he was not allowed to buy shares of the bank. He called one of his rich friends Sudhir and asked him to invest Rs 5 crores in shares of his bank promising him the capital gains. As expected the share prices went up by 40% and the market price of Suhir's shares was now Rs 7 crores. He earned a profit of Rs 2 crores. He gave Rs 1 crore to Mr. Sanjay Nehra and kept Rs 1 crore with himself. On regular inspection and by conducting enquiries of the brokers involved, Securities and Exchange Board of India (SEBI) was able to detect this irregularity. The SEBI imposed a heavy penalty on Mr. Sanjay Nehra.
By quoting the lines from the above para identify and state any two functions that were performed by SEBI in the above case.
Mr. Aditya Gupta was the chairman of ‘Vandan Bank’. The Bank was earning good profits. Shareholders were happy as the bank was paying regular dividends. The market price of their shares was also steadily rising. The bank announced taking over of ‘Karur Bank’. Aditya Gupta knew that the share price of Vandan Bank would rise on this announcement. Being a part of the bank, he was not allowed to buy shares of the bank. He called one of his rich friends Nimesh and asked him to invest Rs 6 crores in the shares of his bank promising him the capital gain.
As expected, the share prices went up by 40% and the market price of Nimesh’s shares was now Rs 8.4 crores. He had earned a profit of Rs 2.4 crores. He gave Rs 1.2 crore to Mr. Aditya Gupta and kept Rs 1.2 crore with him. On regular inspection and by conducting enquiries of the brokers involved, Securities and Exchange Board of India (SEBI) was able to detect this irregularity. SEBI imposed a heavy penalty on Aditya Gupta. By quoting the lines from the above para identify and state any two functions that were performed by SEBI in the above case.
What are the objectives of SEBI?
India’s largest domestic investor Life Insurance Corporation of India has once again come to government’s rescue by subscribing 70% of Hindustan Aeronautics Rs.4,200-crore initial public offering.
a. Which market is being reflected in the above case?
b. State which method of floatation in the above identified market is being highlighted in the case? (Primary Market)
c. Explain any two other methods of floatation. (Private Placement, Offer through prospectus, offer for sale).
Answer each of these questions in about fifteen words:
What is SEBI?
Answer each of these questions in about fifteen words:
State three functions of SEBI rolled into one body.
Answer each of these questions in about fifty words:
Explain briefly the three functions of SEBI rolled into one body.
Answer each of these questions in about fifteen words:
When was SIDBI established?
Under which method, the securities are sold only to some selected individuals and big institutional investors rather than to the public.
______ is an institution or organisation, which holds securities in electronic form, in which trading is done.
______ is a legally enforceable document and helps to settle disputes/claims between the investor and the broker. It contains details of the number of shares bought or sold, the price, the date and time of deal, and the brokerage charges.
Rishu's friend Devina works as a Finance Manager in Perfect Solutions Ltd. Devina in a meeting with the directors of the company came to know that the firm would soon be declaring a bonus issue which would lead to an increase in the price of shares. On this basis, Devina advised Rishu to purchase the shares of Perfect Solutions Ltd., who thus bought the shares. SEBI can control malpractices like these through which of the following functions:
The basic purpose of SEBI is to create an environment to facilitate efficient mobilisation and allocation of resources through the securities markets. Who are the constituents of this market for whom SEBI aims at creating a conducive environment?
Which of the following is not a Protective Function performed by SEBI?
State the first development bank of the country
______ debt-equity ratio is preferred by the commercial banker over the years as it indicates financial strength of a unit.
Zakira Ltd. wants to invest in treasury bills issued by RBI. What will be the minimum amount to be invested in Treasury Bill?
Which of the following statements is incorrect?
STATEMENT I: Electronic holdings can be converted into physical certificates with the process of dematerialisation.
STATEMENT II: There is no danger of theft, loss or forgery of share certificates in dematerialisation.
Choose the correct option from the following:
