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प्रश्न
State how electrons are distributed in an atom. Explain in brief the rules which govern their distribution.
उत्तर
(a) Electrons revolve around the nucleus in imaginary paths called shells or orbits. Shells start from the nucleus to outwards.
Rules: The maximum number of electrons in a shell is given by 2n2. Where n is the number of shell i.e. 1st shell can have a maximum of 2 electrons.
2n2 = 2(1)2 = 2 × 1 = 2
2nd shell can have maximum of 8 electrons
2n2 = 2(2)2 = 2 × 4 = 8
3rd shell can have maximum of 18 electrons
2n2 = 2 (3)2 = 2 × 9 = 18 and so on….
(b) Outer most orbit cannot have more than 8 electrons and 18 in penultimate orbit.
(c) A new shell cannot start until previous is filled completely.
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संबंधित प्रश्न
Give the following a suitable word/phrase.
The electrons present in the outermost shell.
Give the following a suitable word/phrase.
The sum of the number of protons and neutrons of an atom.
WRITE SHORT ANSWER
What is an atom?
ANSWER IN DETAIL
Name the three subatomic particles. How are they different from each other ?
ANSWER IN DETAIL
What is the maximum number of electrons that L shell can accommodate ? Give reasons for your answer.
Name the negatively charged particle present in the atoms of all the elements.
Name the sub-atomic particle whose charge is 0.
Name the three fundamental particles of an atom.
Explain in brief – Goldstein’s experiment which led to the discovery of the proton.
Write down the names of the particles represented by the following symbols and explain the meaning of superscript and subscript numbers attached.
`""_1"H"^1`, `""_0"n"^1`,`""_(-1)"e"^0`
