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प्रश्न
What changes occurs in the nucleus of radioactive elements when it emits (a) an alpha particle (b) beta particle and (c) gamma radiations? Give one example in each case in support of your answer.
उत्तर
The following changes occur when an atom emits
An alpha particle: atomic number decreases by 2 and mass number decreases by 4.
Example: \[\ce{^238_92 U -> ^234_90 Th + ^4_2 He}\]
A beta particle: atomic number increases by one, but mass number does not change.
Example: \[\ce{^14_6 C -> ^14_7 N + ^0_-1 β}\]
Gamma particle: it does not change anything in the nucleus, the energy of the nucleus decreases.
number does not change.
Example: \[\ce{^A_Z X^* -> ^A_Z X + γ}\]
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संबंधित प्रश्न
A certain radioactive nucleus emits a particle that leaves its mass unchanged, but increased its atomic number by one. Identify the particle and write its symbol.
A nucleus is \[\ce {^24_11 Na}\] is β-radioactive.
What are the numbers 24 and 11 called?
A nucleus \[\ce {^A_Z X}\] emits 2 α particles and 1 β particles to form a nucleus \[\ce {^222_85 R}\]. Find the atomic nucleus and mass number of X.
Complete the following nuclear change:
\[\ce {^238_92 P \text ->[α] Q \text ->[β] R \text ->[β] S}\]
Complete the following nuclear change:
\[\ce {^A_Z X \text ->[α] X_1 \text ->[γ] X_2 \text ->[2β] X_3}\]
Complete the following nuclear changes:
\[\ce {X \text ->[β] X_1 \text ->[α] X_2 \text ->[α] ^172_69 X_3}\]
An element P disintegrates by α-emission and the new element suffers two further disintegration, both by β-emission, to form an element Q. Explain that fact P and Q are isotopes.
Name the radiations that are emitted during the decay of a nucleus, which has highest penetrating power?
A radioactive nucleus X emits an alpha particle followed by two beta particles to form nucleus Y.
- With respect to the element X, where would you position the element Y in the periodic table?
- What is the general name of the elements X and Y?
- If the atomic number of Y is 80 then what is the atomic number of X?
A radioactive source emits three type of radiations.
From which part of the atom do these radiations come?
