Question

A gas 'X' which is a deadly poison is found at the higher levels of atmosphere and performs an essential function.

Name the gas and write the function performed by this gas in the atmosphere. Which chemical is linked to the decrease in the level of this gas? What measures have been taken by an international organisation to check the depletion of the layer containing this gas?

Answer 1

The gas 'X' is Ozone (O₃), which performs crucial functions in the atmosphere:

1. Functions of Ozone:
   1. Ultraviolet (UV) Radiation Absorption: Ozone in the stratosphere absorbs harmful UV radiation from the sun, protecting life on Earth from its adverse effects.
   2. Temperature Regulation: Ozone contributes to temperature regulation in the stratosphere by absorbing solar energy, thus warming the stratosphere.
2. Depletion of Ozone: Human actions, particularly producing ozone-depleting chemicals (ODS) such as CFCs and halons, have destroyed ozone molecules in the stratosphere. These chemicals degrade ozone molecules in concentration.

International Measures to Address Ozone Depletion:

1. The Montreal Protocol on Substances that Deplete the Ozone Layer, established in 1987, is the main international convention addressing ozone depletion.
2. The goal is to phase out the manufacture and consumption of ODS, including CFCs and halons.
3. The protocol's application has drastically reduced ODS emissions, aiding ozone layer recovery.
4. The UNEP's Ozone Secretariat oversees the implementation of the Montreal Protocol and helps countries eliminate ODS.
5. The protocol exhibits worldwide collaboration to overcome environmental concerns.