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Explain the I-V characteristic of a forward-biased junction diode. - Physics

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Question

Explain the I-V characteristic of a forward-biased junction diode.

Short Answer

Solution

  1. Figure given below shows the I-V characteristic of a forward-biased diode.
    Forward biased characteristic of a diode
  2. When connected in forward bias mode, initially, the current through the diode is very low and then there is a sudden rise in the current.
  3. The point at which currently rises sharply is shown as the ‘knee’ point on the I-V characteristic curve.
  4. The corresponding voltage is called the knee voltage. It is about 0.7 V for silicon and 0.3 V for germanium.
  5. A diode effectively becomes a short circuit above this knee point and can conduct a very large current.
  6. To limit the current flowing through the diode, resistors are used in series with the diode.
  7. If the current through a diode exceeds the specified value, the diode can heat up due to the Joule’s heating, and this may result in its physical damage.
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A p-n Junction Diode
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Chapter 14: Semiconductors - Exercises [Page 256]

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Balbharati Physics [English] 11 Standard Maharashtra State Board
Chapter 14 Semiconductors
Exercises | Q 3. iv) | Page 256

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