Question

Briefly explain the following injury:

Sprained ankle

Discuss in detail about sprained ankle.

Answer 1

An ankle sprain is a common sports injury. It occurs when the ligaments that support the ankle are stretched beyond their limits and tear. The injury of ligaments of the ankle can be classified mainly into three types, depending upon the severity of the injury. 

1. Grade 1 (Mild) Ligament Injury: The ligament is mildly damaged. It becomes slightly stretched but not torn and remains capable of helping to keep the ankle joint stable.
2. Grade 2 (Moderate) Ligament Injury: The ligament stretches to the point where it becomes loose. This is often referred to as a partial tear of the ligament.
3. Grade 3 (Severe) Ligament Injury: The ligament becomes completely tom. It splits into two pieces and the ankle joint is unstable.

Causes

1. A fall that causes the ankle to twist.
2. Landing awkwardly on foot after jumping or pivoting.
3. Walking or exercising on an uneven surface.
4. Another person stepping or landing on foot during sports activity.

Symptoms

1. Pain, especially when you bear weight on the affected foot.
2. Tenderness when you touch the ankle.
3. Swelling.
4. Bruising.
5. Reduced range of motion.
6. Instability in the ankle.
7. Popping sensation or sound at the time of injury.
8. Skin discolouration may occur.

First Aid
It involves "P.R.l.C.E.R" (Protection, Rest, Ice application, Compression, Elevation, and Referral).

1. Protect the area from further injury.
2. Provide rest and stop using the injured part.
3. Apply ice over the affected area.
4. Compress the area and apply proper bandaging to avoid movement.
5. Elevate the injured part.
6. At last, refer the casualty to a competent doctor.