Advertisements
Advertisements
Question
Describe briefly the following:
Downstream processing
Solution
The product prepared by biotechnology is subjected to several processes before it is sent to the market. These processes include separation and purification and are collectively called downstream processing. The product is formulated with appropriate preservatives. In case of drugs, such formulations are put through clinical trials. Every product also requires specific quality control tests. Downstream processing and quality control tests vary for different products.
APPEARS IN
RELATED QUESTIONS
Name two commonly used bioreactors.
Besides better aeration and mixing properties, what other advantages do stirred tank bioreactors have over shake flasks?
State the importance of using a bioreactor.
Prepare a flow chart in formation of recombinant DNA by the action of restriction endonuclease enzyme EcoRI.
Answer the following question:
Describe the formation of recombinant DNA by the action of EcoRI.
Answer the following question:
Describe the process of amplification of the "gene of interest" using the PCR technique.
In a pathological lab, a series of steps were undertaken for finding the gene of interest. Describe the steps, or make a flow chart showing the process of amplification of this gene of interest.
______ plays an important role in blood clotting.
PCR and restriction fragment length polymorphism are the methods for ______.
PCR proceeds mthree distinct steps governed by temperature, they are in order of ______.
Rising of dough is due to ______.
While doing a PCR, ‘denaturation’ step is missed. What will be its effect on the process?
Illustrate the design of a bioreactor. Highlight the difference between a flask in your laboratory and a bioreactor which allows cells to grow in a continuous culture system.
Read the following paragraph and answer the questions that follow:
Biotechnology revolves around the "gene of interest", with an objective to open various avenues for human welfare in health, medicine, pharma, agriculture etc. using different techniques, tools and processes. One of the breakthroughs of biotechnology in medicine is the gene therapy. |
- Name the human disease for which the gene therapy was used for the first time.
- Explain the steps of gene therapy carried to cure the disease using the lymphocytes of the patient. Why is this therapy not a permanent cure of the disease?
- Write the possible permanent cure of the disease by the gene therapy that is in progress.
Assertion (A): Synthetic oligonucleotide polymers are used during Annealing in a PCR.
Reason (R): The primers bind to the double stranded DNA at their complementary regions.
State the advantage of using Thermostable DNA polymerase.
Bioreactors are the containment vehicles of any biotechnology-based production process. For large scale production and for economic reasons the final success of biotechnological process depends on the efficiency of the bioreactor.
Answer the following questions w.r.t. the given paragraph:
- List the operational guidelines that must be adhered to so as to achieve optimisation of the bioreactor system. Enlist any four.
- Mention the phase of the growth we refer to in the statement "Optimisation of growth and metabolic activity of the cells".
- Is the biological product formed in the bioreactor suitable for the intended use immediate? Give reason in support of your answer.