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कर्नाटक बोर्ड पी.यू.सी.पीयूसी विज्ञान 2nd PUC Class 12

Describe briefly the following: Downstream processing - Biology

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प्रश्न

Describe briefly the following:

Downstream processing

संक्षेप में उत्तर

उत्तर

The product prepared by biotechnology is subjected to several processes before it is sent to the market. These processes include separation and purification and are collectively called downstream processing. The product is formulated with appropriate preservatives. In case of drugs, such formulations are put through clinical trials. Every product also requires specific quality control tests. Downstream processing and quality control tests vary for different products.

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Processes of Recombinant DNA Technology
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अध्याय 11: Biotechnology : Principles and Processes - Exercises [पृष्ठ २०६]

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एनसीईआरटी Biology [English] Class 12
अध्याय 11 Biotechnology : Principles and Processes
Exercises | Q 10.3 | पृष्ठ २०६

संबंधित प्रश्न

Draw a labelled sketch of sparged-stirred-tank bioreactor. Write its application.


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DNA fragments generated by the restriction endonuclease in a chemical reaction can be separated by ______.


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PCR proceeds mthree distinct steps governed by temperature, they are in order of ______.


During the purification process for recombinant DNA technology, the addition of chilled ethanol precipitates out ______.


Which of the following contributed in popularising the PCR (polymerase chain reactions) technique?


Which of the following steps are catalysed by Taq DNA polymerase in a PCR reaction?


A bacterial cell was transformed with a recombinant DNA molecule that was generated using a human gene. However, the transformed cells did not produce the desired protein. Reasons could be ______.


Which of the following should be chosen for best yield if one were to produce a recombinant protein in large amounts?


While doing a PCR, ‘denaturation’ step is missed. What will be its effect on the process?


Illustrate the design of a bioreactor. Highlight the difference between a flask in your laboratory and a bioreactor which allows cells to grow in a continuous culture system.


Read the paragraph given below and answer and questions that follow:

Enzyme Taq polymerase, is extracted from a eubacterial microorganism Thermus aquaticus from Yellowstone National Park in Montana, USA and isolated by Chien et al. (1976). Taq polymerase successfully replaced the DNA polymerase from E.coli that was being used in PCR earlier and this shift revolutionised the PCR technique.
  1. Taq polymerase after its discovery replaced E.coli DNA polymerase in PCR technique. Explain giving reasons why was the need felt for the change?
  2. What is a primer and its importance in PCR?
  3. Write the importance of PCR as a diagnostic tool.

Read the following paragraph and answer the questions that follow:

Biotechnology revolves around the "gene of interest", with an objective to open various avenues for human welfare in health, medicine, pharma, agriculture etc. using different techniques, tools and processes. One of the breakthroughs of biotechnology in medicine is the gene therapy.
  1. Name the human disease for which the gene therapy was used for the first time.
  2. Explain the steps of gene therapy carried to cure the disease using the lymphocytes of the patient. Why is this therapy not a permanent cure of the disease?
  3. Write the possible permanent cure of the disease by the gene therapy that is in progress. 

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