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Question
Discuss the trend of the following:
Thermal stability of carbonates of Group 2 elements.
Solution
All the alkaline earth metals form carbonates (MCO3). All these carbonates decompose on heating to give CO2 and metal oxide. The thermal stability; of these carbonates increases down the group, i.e., from Be to Ba, BeCO3 < MgCO3 < CaCO3 < SrCO3 < BaCO3
BeCO3 is unstable to the extent that it is stable only in atmosphere of CO2. It however shows reversible decomposition in closed container
\[\ce{BeC03 ⇌ BeO + CO2}\]
Hence, more is the stability of oxide formed, less will be stability of carbonates. Stability of oxides decreases down the group. Since beryllium oxide is high stable, it makes BeCO3 unstable.
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