Advertisements
Advertisements
Question
Discuss the various reactions that occur in the Solvay process.
Solution
Solvay process is used to prepare sodium carbonate.
When carbon dioxide gas is bubbled through a brine solution saturated with ammonia, sodium hydrogen carbonate is formed. This sodium hydrogen carbonate is then converted to sodium carbonate.
- Step 1: Brine solution is saturated with ammonia.
\[\ce{2NH_3 + H_2O + CO_2 -> (NH_4)_2 CO_3}\]
This ammoniated brine is filtered to remove any impurity. - Step 2: Carbon dioxide is reacted with this ammoniated brine to result in the formation of insoluble sodium hydrogen carbonate.
\[\ce{NH3 + H2O + CO2 -> NH4HCO3}\]
\[\ce{NaCl + NH4HCO3 -> NaHCO3 + NH4Cl}\] - Step 3: The solution containing crystals of NaHCO3 is filtered to obtain NaHCO3.
- Step 4: NaHCO3 is heated strongly to convert it into NaHCO3.
\[\ce{2NaHOC_3 -> Na_2CO_3 + CO_2 + H_2O}\] - Step 5: To recover ammonia, the filtrate (after removing NaHCO3) is mixed with Ca(OH)2 and heated.
\[\ce{Ca(OH)2 + 2NH4Cl -> 2NH3 + 2H2O + CaCl}\]
The overall reaction taking place in Solvay process is
\[\ce{2NaCl + CaCO_3 -> Na_2CO_3 + CaCl_2}\]
APPEARS IN
RELATED QUESTIONS
Find the oxidation state of sodium in Na2O2.
Starting with sodium chloride how would you proceed to prepare sodium metal.
Describe two important uses of each of the following caustic soda.
What happens when sodium metal is dropped in water?
Amphoteric hydroxides react with both alkalies and acids. Which of the following Group 2 metal hydroxides is soluble in sodium hydroxide?
A chemical A is used for the preparation of washing soda to recover ammonia. When CO2 is bubbled through an aqueous solution of A, the solution turns milky. It is used in whitewashing due to disinfectant nature. What is the chemical formula of A?
When Zeolite, which is hydrated sodium aluminium silicate is treated with hard water, the sodium ions are exchanged with which of the following ion(s)?
(i) H+ ions
(ii) Mg2+ ions
(iii) Ca2+ ions
(iv) \[\ce{SO^{2-}4}\] ions
Complete the following reactions.
\[\ce{O^{2-}2 + H2O ->}\]
Complete the following reactions.
\[\ce{O^{-}2 + H2O ->}\]
In the Solvay process, can we obtain sodium carbonate directly by treating the solution containing (NH4)2CO3 with sodium chloride? Explain.
Match the elements given in Column I with the colour they impart to the flame given in Column II.
| Column I | Column II |
| (i) Cs | (a) Apple green |
| (ii) Na | (b) Violet |
| (iii) K | (c) Brick red |
| (iv) Ca | (d) Yellow |
| (v) Sr | (e) Crimson red |
| vi) Ba | (f) Blue |
\[\ce{NaOH}\] is manufactured by the electrolysis of brine solution. The products of the reaction are ______.
Which of the following metal hydroxides does not dissolve in sodium hydroxide solution?
The pair of compounds which cannot exist together in solution is ______.
Which sodium salt will be heated with soda lime to obtain propane?
