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Question
Elements of group 14 ________.
Options
exhibit oxidation state of +4 only
exhibit oxidation state of +2 and +4
form M2– and M4+ ions
form M2+ and M4+ ions
Solution
Elements of group 14 exhibit oxidation state of +2 and +4.
Explanation:
The elements of group 14 have 4 valence electrons. Therefore, the oxidation state of the group is +4. However, as a result of the inert pair effect, the lower oxidation state becomes more and more stable and the higher oxidation state becomes less stable. Therefore, this group exhibits +4 and +2 oxidation states
| Group 14 element | Oxidation state |
| C | +4 |
| Si | +4 |
| Ge, Sn, Pb | +2, +4 |
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