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Question
Enumerate the role of kidney as an endocrine gland.
Solution
- The kidney is a partial endocrine gland. The kidney secretes hormones such as renin, erythropoietin, and calcitriol.
- Renin is secreted by Juxtaglomerular cells (JG) which increase blood pressure when angiotensin is formed in blood.
- Erythropoietin is also secreted by JGA cells of the kidney and stimulates the formation of RBC in the bone marrow known as erythropoiesis.
- Calcitriol is secreted by proximal tubules of the nephron, it is an active form of vitamin D3 which promotes calcium and phosphorus absorption from the intestine and accelerates bone formation.
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