Question

Explain European colonialism.

Bhutan and Nepal

Answer 1

Countries like England, France, Portugal, Spain, etc. gradually occupied the nations in Asia and Africa and established their colonies there.

Bhutan and Nepal:

1. In 1841, Ashely Eden took an aggressive stand against Bhutan.
2. There was a war between Bhutan and the British.
3. The war was concluded with a treaty, according to which the king of Bhutan surrendered the territories conquered by Bhutan to the British, and the king was granted an annual subsidy.
4. The British sent their representatives to Nepal but they did not receive any favourable response. It had two Anglo-Nepalese wars.
5. The Gurkha army had merely 10-12 thousand soldiers while the British army was much larger having more than 30 thousand soldiers.
6. The British attacked Nepal. The Nepalese army brought the British army to the point of desperation. It was defeated by the Nepalese at Makwanpur in 1896.
7. The British had to hand over the regions of Terai, Kumaun, and Garhwal to the Nepalese. A British Resident was appointed at Kathmandu.

Thus, it became apparent that the stronger European countries dominated the weaker countries by establishing colonies there and pushing them into subjection.