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Question
Explain why:
(1) Acetaldehyde undergoes aldol condensation but formaldehyde does not.
(2) Acetic acid is a weaker acid as compared to formic acid.
Solution
(1) This is because acetaldehyde has α - H-atom whereas formaldehyde does not have α-H-atom.
(2) This is due to + I effect of a methyl group (CH3-)
Acetic acid
\[\begin{array}{cc}\\
\ce{O}\phantom{..}\\
||\phantom{..}\\
\ce{CH3-C-O-H}\
\end{array}\]
Formic acid
\[\begin{array}{cc}\\
\phantom{....}\ce{O}\\
\phantom{....}||\\
\ce{H-C}\\
\phantom{.....}\backslash\\
\phantom{.......}\ce{O}\\
\phantom{.........}\backslash\\
\phantom{...........}\ce{H}\\
\end{array}\]
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