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Question
Give reasons for the following:
CCl4 is immiscible in water, whereas SiCl4 is easily hydrolysed.
Solution
CCl4 is a covalent compound while H2O is a polar compound. Therefore, it is insoluble in water. Alternatively, CCl4 is insoluble in water because carbon does not have orbitals to accommodate the electrons donated by oxygen atom of water molecules. As a result, there is no interaction between CCl4 and water molecules and hence CCl4 is insoluble in water. On the other hand, SiCl4 has d-orbitals to accommodate the lone pair of electrons donated by oxygen atom of water molecules. As a result, there is a strong interaction between SiCl4 and water molecules. Consequently, SiCl4 undergoes hydrolysis by water to form silicic acid.
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