Question

Read the following text carefully and answer the questions given below:

Green investment and sustainability are priorities in public policy. India has emerged as a global leader at the front of climate change. India has pledged to seek solutions for the future. Government schemes and policies such as Swachh Bharat Mission, Pradhan Mantri Awas Yojana, Smart Cities, and Deen Dayal Upadhyay Gram Jyoti Yojana among other, all contribute towards achieving sustainable development. The government has contributed to maintain economic growth by introducing and implementing various policies and measures relating to sustainable development, climate change, energy efficiency and air pollution. Pradhan Mantri Ujjwala Yojana Scheme, has actively contributed to cleaner air. It has resulted in drastic reduction of respiratory diseases and ultimately death as per a recent medical report. The Jal Jeevan Mission was launched with the objective of achieving water security. We have seen 68 percent decline in the size of population of various animal species and amphibian over the last 60 years. The issue of green house gases and rising temperature of the earth are a global concern. India is one of those countries that will be affected by the over 2 degree celsius rise in global temperature. 'India has already taken a lot of steps in the area of innovation and development of different production methodologies which are environmentally friendly in the long run'.

1. State and discuss any two steps involved in attaining sustainable development in India.
2. From the given text, state any two factors which challenged the carrying capacity of the environment.

Answer 1

1. 1. Pollution Control: Pollution, in all its forms, has a negative environmental impact and a high opportunity cost. As a result, pollution control is essential for maintaining the quality of natural resources such as air and water for sustainable development. The Pradhan Mantri Ujjwala Scheme has actively contributed to cleaner air, resulting in a significant decrease in respiratory diseases.
   2. Efficient Utilisation of Resources: Technological advancement and industrialization should be input efficient, which means that more and more output should be produced with fewer resources, and resource waste should be minimised through proper resource utilisation. This will allow us to produce more with fewer resources, resulting in a slower depletion of resources.
2. 1. Pollution
   2. Excessive use of resources