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Question
How do organic farmers control pests? Give two examples.
Solution
Organic farmers control pests by using natural predation instead of introduced chemicals. Microbial biocontrol agents are species-specific pesticides.
(1) Example: Bacillus thuringiensis is a bacterium which produces a toxin which specifically kills insect larvae such as lepidopterans (armyworms), coleopterans (beetles) and dipterans (flies/mosquitoes), leaving aside all other non-targeted organisms.
(2) Another biocontrol agent is Trichoderma sp. which is a free-living fungus and works as a biocontrol agent against several plant pathogens.
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