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Question
How is the neutralisation of a carbonate with an acid different from the neutralisation of an oxide or a hydroxide?
Solution
Metal carbonates react with acids to give a corresponding salt, carbon dioxide and water.
The reaction can be represented as follows:
Metal carbonate + Acid → Salt + Carbon dioxide + Water
Example:
Na2CO3(s) + 2HCl(aq) → 2NaCl(aq) + H2O(l) + CO2(g)
However, the neutralisation of an oxide or a hydroxide with an acid gives only a salt and water.
Metal oxide + Acid → Salt + Water
Example:
Na2O + 2HCl → 2NaCl + H2O
Metal hydroxide + Acid → Salt + Water
Example:
NaOH + HCl → NaCl + H2O
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