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Question
- Write the name and draw the structure of a saturated hydrocarbon with four carbon atoms.
- Write the number of single covalent bonds present in this compound.
Solution
(i) The saturated hydrocarbon with four carbon atoms is butane (C4H10).
Structure:
\[\begin{array}{cc}
\ce{H}\phantom{...}\ce{H}\phantom{...}\ce{H}\phantom{...}\ce{H}\\
|\phantom{....}|\phantom{....}|\phantom{....}|\\
\ce{H - C - C - C - C - H}\\
|\phantom{....}|\phantom{....}|\phantom{....}|\\
\ce{H}\phantom{...}\ce{H}\phantom{...}\ce{H}\phantom{...}\ce{H}\end{array}\]
(ii) The number of single covalent bonds is 13.
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- \[\begin{array}{cc}
\ce{CH3}\phantom{.....}\ce{CH3}\phantom{.........}\ce{CH3}\phantom{..}\ce{CH3}\phantom{..........}\\
\phantom{...}\backslash\phantom{......}/\phantom{................}|\phantom{.....}|\phantom{............}\\
\ce{C} = \ce{C} + \ce{H2} \overset{\ce{Ni}}{\rightarrow} \ce{CH3 - C - C - CH3}\\
\phantom{.}/\phantom{........}\backslash\phantom{..............}|\phantom{....}|\phantom{.........}\\
\ce{CH3}\phantom{....}\ce{CH3}\phantom{............}\ce{H}\phantom{...}\ce{H}\phantom{........}
\end{array}\] - \[\ce{CH3COOH + CH3CH2OH \overset{\ce{Conc. H2SO4}}{\rightarrow}CH3COOC2H5 + H2O}\]
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