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Question
'In a group, the atomic radii increase with increasing period number', explain this statement and justify it with reference to group 17.
Solution
As we move down a group, the atomic radii increase because a new shell is added at each succeeding element though the number of electrons in the outer most shell remains the same. Thus, the atomic size of elements increases in size downward.
Although nuclear charge also increases in going down the group but the effect of nuclear charge on atomic size is much less than the increase due to addition of a new shell.
In group 17, the atomic size follows the trend:
F < Cl < Br < I
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