Advertisements
Advertisements
Question
Many copies of a specific gene of interest are required to study the detailed sequencing of bases in it. Name and explain the process that can help in developing large number of copies of this gene of interest.
Solution
Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) is used for developing multiple copies of DNA containing the gene of interest.
In this process, two sets of primers (chemically synthesised oligonucleotide stretches that are complementary to a region of DNA), enzyme DNA polymerase and deoxynucleotides are added.
PCR consists of three steps:
- Denaturation: It occurs at 94°C in which double helical DNA is denatured and opens into the two pieces of ssDNA. DNA polymerase does not get degraded in such high temperatures, as it is isolated from thermophilic bacteria, Thermus aquaticus (Taq) and is thermostable.
- Annealing: It occurs at 50-65° C for some seconds to allow annealing of primers to single stranded DNA templates. DNA polymerase extends the primer in 5' to 3' direction.
- Extension: It occurs at 72°C in which replication of DNA occurs in vitro.
This cycle is repeated several times to generate up to 1 billion identical copies of the DNA.
APPEARS IN
RELATED QUESTIONS
Enlist types of DNA library.
In the light of Griffith’s experiment, explain the action of two stains of Diplococcus pneumoniae and give his conclusion.
Describe the experiment of Hershey and Chase to prove that DNA is the genetic material.
Hershey and Chase Experiment
Explain the Griffith’s experiment in detail with diagram.
Identify the observations that were made in Hershey-Chase's experiment, when the radioactive viruses were allowed to infect E. coli.
P. E. coli which were infected by viruses with radioactive DNA became radioactive.
Q. E. coli which were infected by viruses with radioactive protein did not become radioactive.
R. E. coli which were infected by viruses with radioactive protein became radioactive.
S. E. coli which were infected by viruses with radioactive DNA did not become radioactive.
Genetic material in HIV is in the form of ____________.
Which of the following results prominently proved that DNA is the transforming material from the experiments carried out by Avery, Macleod, and McCarty by using various enzymes?
Identify the conclusion drawn by Griffith from his experiments.
To prove that DNA is the genetic material, which radioactive isotopes were used by Hershey and Chase (1952) in experiments?
Out of 64 codons only 61 code for the 20 different amino acids. This is known as ______ of genetic code.
