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Question
p-Block elements form acidic, basic and amphoteric oxides. Explain each property by giving two examples and also write the reactions of these oxides with water.
Solution
In the p block, some elements are metallic some elements are non-metallic while some elements are metalloids in nature.
The oxides of metals are basic in nature and that of oxides of nonmetals are acidic in nature.
Acidic oxide
\[\ce{SO2 + H2O ->H2SO3}\]
Basic oxide
\[\ce{Tl2O + 2HCl -> 2TlCl + H2O}\]
Amphoteric oxide
\[\ce{Al2O3 + 6HCl -> 2AlCl3 + 3H2O}\]
\[\ce{Al2O3 +2 NaOH -> 2NaAlO2 + H2O}\]
Reaction with water
\[\ce{B2O3 3H2O -> 2H3BO3}\]
\[\ce{P4O116H2O -> 4H3PO4}\]
\[\ce{Cl2O7 + H2O -> HClO4}\]
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RELATED QUESTIONS
Write the general outer electronic configuration of p- block elements.
In the modern periodic table, elements are arranged in order of increasing atomic numbers which is related to the electronic configuration. Depending upon the type of orbitals receiving the last electron, the elements in the periodic table have been divided into four blocks, viz, s, p, d and f. The modern periodic table consists of 7 periods and 18 groups. Each period begins with the filling of a new energy shell. In accordance with the Arfbau principle, the seven periods have 2, 8, 8, 18, 18, 32 and 32 elements respectively. The seventh period is still incomplete. To avoid the periodic table being too long, the two series of f-block elements, called lanthanoids and actinoids are placed at the bottom of the main body of the periodic table.
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