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Question
State which of the two a solution of HCl in water or in toluene is an electrolyte. Explain.
Solution
When hydrogen chloride gas is dissolved in water, hydrochloric acid is formed. The covalent compound ionises in water because of its polar nature and it can conduct electricity.
\[\ce{HCl + H2O -> H3O+ + Cl-}\]
Hydrogen chloride gas is soluble in toluene, but there is an absence of H3O+ in toluene, so it does not ionise the gas; thus, it cannot conduct electricity.
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