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Question
Surface water.
Solution
Surface water is water on the surface of the planet such as in a river, lake, wetland, or ocean. It can be contrasted with groundwater and atmospheric water. Non-saline surface water uses is replenished by precipitation and by recruitment from ground-water.
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Multiple choice questions
Based on the information given below classify each of the situations as ‘suffering from water scarcity’ or ‘not suffering from water scarcity’.
(a) Region with high annual rainfall.
(b) Region having high annual rainfall and large population.
(c) Region having high annual rainfall but water is highly polluted.
(d) Region having low rainfall and low population.
Answer the following questions in about 30 words.
What is water scarcity and what are its main causes?
Mention two advantages that surface wells have over inundation canals.
Where are tanks most widely used in India? Why?
What are the several methods applied for lifting water from wells?
What are the demerits of canals? How to overcome these defects?
Give two main reasons why water scarcity occurs in India.
Give reasons for the popularity of tanks in South India.
Or
Peninsular India is an ideal region for constructing tanks. Why?
What geographical advantages for irrigation does the Indo-Gangetic Plain have over the Deccan?
Read the source given below and answer the questions that follow:
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Maharashtra is a state located in western India, with a population of over 110 million people. The state is home to several large cities, including Mumbai, and has a significant agricultural sector. However, the state is facing a severe water crisis, with its water resources coming under increasing pressure due to climate change, industrialization, and urbanization. The main challenges faced by water resource management in Maharashtra are:
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- Mention any one reason for the water crisis faced by the state of Maharashtra.
- Propose any one solution to mitigate the water crisis faced by Maharashtra state.
- Despite being the second-highest rainfall-receiving state in the country, Maharashtra still faces a water crisis. Substantiate this statement in 40 words.
