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Question
What are the demerits of canals? How to overcome these defects?
Solution
(i) Salt effervescence: The cultivators misuse canal water by overflooding the fields. It leads to salt-effervescence which makes the soil infertile. The farmers have to be educated in the careful utilization of canal water.
(ii) Water-logging: It is a serious problem which has rendered extensive area unfit for farming. The canals are generally unlined. Hence water seepage towards the adjoining areas goes on, turning them into swamps. For solving this problem:
(a) Canals should be lined with brick and mortar along the embankments.
(b) Wells may be dug in water-logged areas so that the water may soak down into these wells.
(c) Swamps may be dried up, by draining out the water with the aid of power-driven pumps.
(d) Gypsum can be used which makes the soil fertile again.
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Multiple choice questions
Based on the information given below classify each of the situations as ‘suffering from water scarcity’ or ‘not suffering from water scarcity’.
(a) Region with high annual rainfall.
(b) Region having high annual rainfall and large population.
(c) Region having high annual rainfall but water is highly polluted.
(d) Region having low rainfall and low population.
Answer the following questions in about 30 words.
What is water scarcity and what are its main causes?
Surface water.
Mention two advantages that surface wells have over inundation canals.
Where are tanks most widely used in India? Why?
What are the several methods applied for lifting water from wells?
Give Two advantages of tube-wells as a method of irrigation
Give what are the conditions necessary for tube-wells.
Give reasons for the popularity of tanks in South India.
Or
Peninsular India is an ideal region for constructing tanks. Why?
What geographical advantages for irrigation does the Indo-Gangetic Plain have over the Deccan?
