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Question
The electronic configuration of gadolinium (Atomic number 64) is ______.
Options
`[Xe] 4f^3 5d^5 6s^2`
`[Xe] 4f^7 5d^2 6s^1`
`[Xe] 4f^7 5d^1 6s^2`
`[Xe] 4f^8 5d^6 6s^2`
Solution
The electronic configuration of gadolinium (Atomic number 64) is `[Xe] 4f^7 5d^1 6s^2`.
Explanation:
The electronic configuration of La (Z = 57) is [Xe] 5d1 6s2. Therefore, further addition of electrons occurs in the lower energy 4f-orbital till it is exactly half-filled at Eu (Z = 63) Thus, the electronic configuration of Eu is [Xe] 4f7 6s2. Thereafter, addition of next electron does not occur in the more stable exactly half-filled 4f7 shell but occurs in the little higher energy 5d-orbital. Thus, the electronic configuration of Gd (Z = 64) is [Xe] 4f7 5d1 6s2.
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