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Question
What are the factors affecting the salinity of the sea water?
Answer in Brief
Solution
Variations in ocean salinity are caused by factors such as latitudinal temperature variations from the equator to the poles, the degree of evaporation, the supply of fresh water from rivers to the sea, and whether the sea is open or enclosed by land.
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Properties of Sea Water - Salinity of the Sea Water
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Salinity is low in the land-locked Baltic Sea.
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Oceans located at the same latitude do not have same salinity.
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Salinity increases in the mid-latitudinal zones.
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The salinity of sea water
Complete the table showing the salinity of open and land-locked seas.
| Evaporation of water | Supply of freshwater | |||||
| Region | Latitude | Solar energy | Rainfall | River water | Snow water | Average salinity |
| Equatorial | 0° to 15° | High | Perennial | High | ________ | 34‰ |
| Tropical | 15° to 35° | __________ | Seasonal | ________ | ________ | 37‰ |
| Temperature | 35° to 65° | Low | ___________ | ________ | ________ | 33‰ |
| Polar | 65° to 90° | __________ | ___________ | Low | ample | 31‰ |
| Landlocked sea | Solar energy | Rainfall | River water | Snow water | Average salinity | |
| Mediterranean Sea | High | Low | Low | _______ | 39‰ | |
| Red Sea | _______ | _______ | _______ | _______ | 41‰ | |
| Baltic Sea | Low | _______ | Medium | _______ | 7‰ | |
| Dead Sea | _______ | Very low | Very less | _______ | 332‰ | |
| Caspian Sea | _______ | ______ | ______ | ______ | 155‰ | |
| Great Salt lake | medium | ______ | ______ | ______ | 220‰ | |
