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Question
What is the difference between the chemical nature of an aqueous solution of HCl and an aqueous solution of NH3
Solution 1
The chemical nature of an aqueous solution of HCl and an aqueous solution of NH3
1. The aqueous solution of HCl is acidic in nature. It can turn blue litmus to red.
2. The aqueous solution of NH3 is basic in nature. It can turn red litmus to blue.
Solution 2
In its pure liquid state, HCl is unionised and does not conduct electricity. However, in aqueous solution, HCl is a good conductor of electric current, as the H+ ion interacts with water to create [H3O+].
\[\ce{H \phantom{.}^{\bullet}_{\bullet}\overset{\bullet\bullet}{\underset{\bullet\bullet}{Cl}}^{\bullet}_{\bullet}->[H2O][ionisation]H+ + \phantom{.}^{\bullet}_{\bullet}\overset{\bullet\bullet}{\underset{\bullet\bullet}{Cl}}^{\bullet}_{\bullet}}\]
\[\ce{H+ + H2O -> [HO+]}\]
Similarly, In an aqueous solution, NH3 acts as a weak alkali and dissociates partially.
\[\ce{NH4OH <=> [NH4+] +[OH-]}\]
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