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Question
What may be the stable oxidation state of the transition element with the following d electron configurations in the ground state of their atoms?
3d3, 3d5, 3d8 and 3d4
Solution
3d3: Stable oxidation state will be +5 due to outer electronic configuration 3d3 4s2 (+2, +3, +4, +5).
3d5: Stable oxidation states will be +2 and +7 due to outer electronic configuration 3d5 4s2 (+2, +3, +4, +6, +7).
3d8: Stable oxidation state will be +2 due to outer electronic configuration 3d8 4s2 (+2, +3, +4).
3d4: Stable oxidation states will be +3 and +6 due to the outer electronic configuration 3d4 4s2.
There is no d4 configuration in ground state, as it becomes 3d5 4s1.
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