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Question
Why does the speed of a liquid increase and its pressure decrease when a liquid passes through a constriction in a horizontal pipe?
Solution
- As per equation of continuity, when the liquid flows through a constriction, the area of cross-section of the liquid decreases, therefore the velocity of the liquid increases.
- According to Bernoulli’s theorem, the sum of pressure energy, potential energy and kinetic energy per unit mass is constant at all cross-section in the stream line flow of an ideal liquid.
∴ P + ρgh + `1/2` ρv2 = constant
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