Question

Write a short note on escarpment.

Answer 1

1. The Great Escarpment is Brazil's smallest physiographic area. From Sao Paulo to Porto Alegre, the height of the Brazilian Highlands/Plateau lowers dramatically, resulting in the development of the Great Escarpment. The Great Escarpment separates the eastern side of the Brazilian Highlands/Plateau.
2. In the Great Escarpment region, the altitude of the Brazilian Highlands is around 790 metres. In other areas, the height steadily falls.
3. The nature and the slope of the Great Escarpment affect the climatic conditions of Brazil. It acts as a barrier to the southeast Trade winds.
4. The Great Escarpment leads to heavy rains in the Brazilian coastal areas and it also gives rise to the rain shadow area to the northeast of the Brazilian Highlands. This rain shadow area is known as the ‘Drought Quadrilateral’.