Question

Write a short note on Eutrophication.

Answer 1

Eutrophication :

• The enrichment of water bodies by inorganic plant nutrients like nitrate, phosphate occurring either naturally or due to human activity is Eutrophication.
• The process of Eutrophication takes place due to the introduction of nutrients and chemicals through the discharge of domestic sewage, industrial effluents, and fertilizers from agricultural fields.
• These promote the excessive growth of phytoplankton and algae. When algae die, decomposition of organic substances uses oxygen.
• This results in the depletion of oxygen in the water. The bloom of algae blocks penetration of oxygen, light, and heat into the water body. As a result, most of the organisms die below the surface of the water.