Question

Write short note on Malnutrition.

"Malnutrition has many ill effects on the health of the individual.'' Elaborate this in the context of the health education.

Answer 1

Malnutrition occurs when a person's diet lacks the necessary nutrients in sufficient levels or when the body is unable to adequately absorb or utilise the nutrients received.

Types of malnutrition:

1. Undernutrition: It is characterized by stunting (low height for age), wasting (low weight for height), being underweight (low weight for age), and a lack of vital vitamins and minerals.
2. Overnutrition: It refers to an excessive diet of fats, carbohydrates, and calories, which can lead to obesity and other health problems like diabetes and heart disease.

Ill effects of malnutrition on the health of an individual.

1. Impaired Growth and Development: Malnutrition in children can lead to stunted growth, delayed development, and even permanent brain damage.
2. Weakened Immune System: Malnutrition causes a weakened immune system, making the body more open to infections and diseases. Disease recovery also slows.
3. Chronic Diseases: Long-term malnutrition can cause major health problems such as anaemia and osteoporosis, as well as obesity-related illnesses like heart disease, diabetes, and hypertension.
4. Muscle and Bone Weakness: A lack of important nutrients such as protein and calcium causes muscle weakness, weakened bones, and an increased risk of fractures.
5. Mental Health Problems: Malnutrition can cause fatigue, irritability, and memory loss, resulting in poor focus, mood swings, and even depression.

Malnutrition harms both physical and mental health, affecting quality of life and increasing illness risk, especially in individuals at risk, such as children, pregnant women, and the elderly.