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प्रश्न
How is soap made? Write a word equation involved in soap making.
उत्तर
Soap is prepared by heating animal fat or vegetable oil (esters) with concentrated sodium hydroxide solution. Esters react with sodium hydroxide to give soap and glycerol. Saponification is the process of preparing soap by the hydrolysis of fats with alkalis.
Equation involved in soap making :
Fat or oil (Ester) + Sodium Hydroxide → Soap (Sodium salt of fatty acid) + Glycerol (alcohol)
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संबंधित प्रश्न
While preparing soap a small quantity of common salt is generally added to the reaction mixture of vegetable oil and sodium hydroxide. Which one of the following may be the purpose of adding common salt?
(A) To reduce the basic nature of the soap
(B) To make the soap neutral
(C) To enhance the cleansing power of the soap
(D) To favour the precipitation of the soap
A student took four test tubes P, Q, R and S and filled about 8 mL of distilled water in each. After that he dissolved an equal amount of Na2SO4 in P, K2SO4 in Q, CaSO4 in R and MgSO4 in S. On adding an equal amount of soap solution and shaking each test tube well, a good amount of lather will be obtained in the test tubes:
(a) P and Q
(b) P and R
(c) P, Q and S
(d) Q, R and S
What are the raw materials required for making soap in a laboratory (or at home)?
What change will you observe if you test soap solution with a litmus paper (red and blue)? Give reason for your observation.
What is saponification? Write the chemical equation of the reaction involved in this process. Name all the substances which take part in this process and also those which are formed.
The chemical mostly used in the preparation of most of the soaps we use is
(a) Sodium chloride
(b) Potassium hydroxide
(c) Sodium hydroxide
(a) Potassium chloride
Explain why synthetic detergents are superior to soap.
______ to remove strong strains on the clothes.
In the soap micelles
Why do soaps not work effectively in hard water?
