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प्रश्न
Explain the following reaction with an example.
Saponification
उत्तर
When an ester is heated with dilute sodium hydroxide (an alkali) solution, it gets converted back to the original alcohol and sodium salt of the original carboxylic acid. Such a reaction is known as saponification.
\[\ce{Ester + Sodium hydroxide ->[Heat] Sodium carboxylate + Alcohol}\]
E.g. Ethyl ethanoate and sodium hydroxide react to give sodium ethanoate and ethanol.
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संबंधित प्रश्न
While studying saponification reaction, a student measures the temperature of the reaction mixture and also finds its nature using blue/red litmus paper. On the basis of his observations the correct conclusion would be
(A) the reaction is exothermic and the reaction mixture is acidic.
(B) the reaction is endothermic and the reaction mixture is acidic.
(C) the reaction is endothermic and the reaction mixture is basic.
(D) the reaction is exothermic and the reaction mixture is basic.
List two uses of esters.
propanol into propanoic acid?
Name the process in each case and write the equations of the reactions involved.
How does ethanoic acid react with sodium hydrogen carbonate? Give equation of the reaction which takes place.
Esters are sweet-smelling substances and are used in making perfumes. Describe an activity for the preparation of an ester with the help of a well labelled diagram. Write an equation for the chemical reaction involved in the formation of the ester. Also write the names of all the substances involved in the process of esterification.
Consider the following organic compound:
CH3OH, C2H5OH, CH3COCH3, CH3COOH, C2H5COOH, C4H9COOC2H5, CH4, C2H6, CH3CHO, HCHO
Out of these compound:
Which compound is added to alcohol to denature it?
An organic acid X is a liquid, which often freezes during winter time in cold countries, having the molecular formula C2H4O2. On warming it with methanol in the presence of a few drops of concentrated sulphuric acid, a compound Y with a sweet smell is formed.
(a) Identify X and Y. Also write their formulae showing the functional group present in them.
(b) Write a chemical equation for the reaction involved.
What do you notice when acetic acid reacts with litmus?
Acetic acid is a typical acid. Write one equation in case of its reactions with a carbonate.
What do you observe when acetic acid is added to sodium bicarbonate?
How will you carry out the following conversions?
Ethene to acetic acid
Using appropriate catalysts, ethane can be oxidized to an alcohol. Name the alcohol formed when ethane is oxidized.
Write a balanced chemical equation for the following:
A mixture of sodalime and sodium acetate is heated.
Ethanoic acid _________.
Mineral acids are stronger acids than carboxylic acids because
- mineral acids are completely ionised
- carboxylic acids are completely ionised
- mineral acids are partially ionised
- carboxylic acids are partially ionised
A few drops of ethanoic acid were added to solid sodium carbonate. The observation made was that ______.
Ethanoic acid is also known as which of these?
In the presence of the acid catalyst, ethanoic acid reacts with ethanol and ______ ester is produced.
Name the oxidising agent used in the conversion of ethanol to ethanoic acid.
Give the balanced chemical equation of the following reaction:
Neutralization of NaOH with ethanoic acid.
