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प्रश्न
Give any two differences between alkanes and alkenes.
उत्तर
Differences between alkanes and alkenes:
| Alkanes | Alkenes |
| Alkanes are saturated hydrocarbons in which the carbon atoms are linked to each other only by single covalent bonds. | Alkenes are unsaturated hydrocarbons in which the valencies of carbon atoms are not fully satisfied by single covalent bonds. |
| They contain only a single bond. | They contain triple bonds. |
| They are chemically less reactive. | They are chemically more reactive. |
| The substitution reaction is a characteristic property of alkanes. | The addition reaction is a characteristic property of alkenes |
| Their general formula is CnH2n + 2. | Their general formula is CnH2n |
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संबंधित प्रश्न
‘A’ is an element having four electrons in its outermost orbit. An allotropes ‘B’ of this element is used as a dry lubricant in machinery and in pencil leads. So:
i. Write the name of element ‘A’ and its allotropes.
ii. State whether ‘B’ is a good conductor or non-conductor of electricity?
Define Saturated hydrocarbon.
Write the number of covalent bonds in the molecule of ethane.
Explain in brief two main reasons for carbon forming a large number of compounds.
Why does carbon form strong bonds with most other elements ?
What are the two properties of carbon which lead to the huge number of carbon compounds we see around us?
What will be the formula and electron dot structure of cyclopentane?
Write the electron-dot structures for ethyne.
You are given the following molecular formulae of some hydrocarbons:
C5H8; C7H14; C6H6; C5H10; C7H12; C6H12
Which two formulae represent unsaturated hydrocarbons having triple bonds?
Which of the following hydrocarbons is unsaturated?
C3H4; C2H6
Name two catalysts which can be used in the hydrogenation of unsaturated compounds.
Which of the following will give addition reaction and why?
C4H10, C2H6, C2H4, CH4, C3H8, C3H4
What happens when vegetable oils are hydrogenated? Name the catalyst used.
In which of the following compounds, — OH is the functional group?
Name the functional groups present in the following compounds
- CH3 CO CH2 CH2 CH2 CH3
- CH3 CH2 CH2 COOH
- CH3 CH2 CH2 CH2 CHO
- CH3 CH2 OH
- What are hydrocarbons? Give examples.
- Give the structural differences between saturated and unsaturated hydrocarbons with two examples each.
- What is a functional group? Give examples of four different functional groups.
The formulae of four organic compounds are shown below. Choose the correct option
| A | B | C | D |
| \[\begin{array}{cc} \phantom{.}\ce{H}\phantom{......}\ce{H}\\ \phantom{.}\backslash\phantom{.....}/\\ \ce{C = C}\\ /\phantom{.....}\backslash\\ \ce{H}\phantom{......}\ce{H} \end{array}\] |
\[\begin{array}{cc} \phantom{........}\ce{H}\phantom{.....}\ce{O}\\ \phantom{.......}|\phantom{....}//\\ \ce{H - C - C}\\ \phantom{......}|\phantom{.....}\backslash\\ \phantom{...........}\ce{H}\phantom{.....}\ce{O - H} \end{array}\] |
\[\begin{array}{cc}
|
\[\begin{array}{cc} \ce{H}\phantom{...}\ce{H}\phantom{....}\\ |\phantom{....}|\phantom{....}\\ \ce{H - C - C - O - H}\\ |\phantom{....}|\phantom{.....}\\ \ce{H}\phantom{....}\ce{H}\phantom{.....} \end{array}\] |
- Write the name and draw the structure of a saturated hydrocarbon with four carbon atoms.
- Write the number of single covalent bonds present in this compound.
