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प्रश्न
Isostructural species are those which have the same shape and hybridisation. Among the given species identify the isostructural pairs.
विकल्प
\[\ce{[NF3 and BF3]}\]
\[\ce{[BF^{–}4 and NH^{+}4]}\]
\[\ce{[BCl3 and BrCl3]}\]
\[\ce{[NH3 and NO^{-}3]}\]
उत्तर
\[\ce{[BF^{–}4 and NH^{+}4]}\]
Explanation:
In a molecular structure if a central atom has the same hybridization as the central atom of another molecular species, then the two structures are known as isostructural species.
(i) In \[\ce{NF3}\] the central nitrogen atom is sp3 hybridized and in \[\ce{BF3}\] the central boron atom is sp2. So, these two molecules are not isostructural pairs.
(ii) In \[\ce{BF4^{-}4}\] the central boron atom is sp3 hybridized and in \[\ce{NH^{+}4}\] the central nitrogen atom is also sp3 hybridized. So, these two molecules are identified as isostructural pairs.
(iii) In \[\ce{BCl3}\] the central boron atom is sp2 hybridized and in \[\ce{BrCl3}\] the central bromine atom is sp3d hybridized. So, these two molecules are not isostructural pairs.
(iv) In \[\ce{NH3}\] the central nitrogen atom is sp3 and in \[\ce{NO^{-}3}\] the central nitrogen atom is sp2 hybridized. So, these two molecules are not isostructural pairs.
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संबंधित प्रश्न
Draw a diagram showing the formation of a double bond and a triple bond between carbon atoms in C2H4 and C2H2 molecules.
Distinguish between a sigma and a pi bond.
What is the total number of sigma and pi bonds in the following molecules?
C2H4
Predict the shapes of the following molecules on the basis of hybridisation.
\[\ce{BCl3, CH4 , CO2, NH3}\]
Match the species in Column I with the type of hybrid orbitals in Column II.
| Column I | Column II |
| (i) \[\ce{SF4}\] | (a) sp3d2 |
| (ii) \[\ce{IF5}\] | (b) d2sp3 |
| (iii) \[\ce{NO^{+}2}\], | (c) sp3d |
| (iv) \[\ce{NH^{+}4}\], | (d) sp3 |
| (e) sp |
Discuss the concept of hybridisation. What are its different types in a carbon atom.
What is the type of hybridisation of carbon atoms marked with star.
\[\begin{array}{cc}
\phantom{.....}\ce{O}\\
\phantom{.....}||\\
\ce{\overset{∗}{C}H2 = CH - \overset{∗}{C} - O - H}
\end{array}\]
What is the type of hybridisation of carbon atoms marked with star.
\[\ce{CH3 - \overset{∗}{C}H2 - OH}\]
What is the type of hybridisation of carbon atoms marked with star.
\[\ce{CH3 - \overset{∗}{C} ≡ CH}\]
BF3 is a planar and electron-deficient compound. Hybridization and the number of electrons around the central atom, respectively are ______.
