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प्रश्न
State following four properties each of α, β and γ radiations:
- Nature,
- Charge,
- Mass and
- Effect of electric field.
उत्तर
| Property | α - particle | β - particle | γ - particle |
| Nature | Stream of positively charged particles, i.e. helium nuclei | Stream of negatively charged particles, i.e. energetic electrons. | Highly energetic electromagnetic radiation. |
| Charge | Positive charge (Two times that of a proton) = + 3.2 x 10-19 C (or +2e) | Negative charge = - 1.6 x 10-19 C (or -e) | No charge |
| Mass | Four times the mass of proton i.e., 6.68 x 10-27 kg | Equal to the mass of electron, i.e. 9.1 x 10-31 kg | No mass (Rest mass is zero) |
| Effect of electric field | Less deflected | More deflected than alpha particles but in direction opposite to those of α particles | Unaffected |
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संबंधित प्रश्न
In following Figure shows a mixed source R of alpha and beta particles in a thick lead walled container. The particles pass through a magnetic field in a direction perpendicular to the plane of paper inwards as shown by ×.
- Show in the diagram how the particles get affected.
- Name the law used in part (a).
[Hint: Alpha particles will deflect to the left while beta particles to the right]
In following Figure shows a radioactive source S in a thick lead walled container having a narrow opening. The radiations pass through an electric field between the plates A and B.
- Complete the diagram to show the paths of α, β and γ radiations.
- Why is the source S kept in a thick lead walled container with a narrow opening?
- Name the radiation which is unaffected by the electrostatic field.
- Which radiation is defleced the most. Given reason.
- Which among the three radiations causes the least biological damage?
Explain why alpha and beta particles are deflected in an electric or a magnetic field, but gamma rays are not deflected in such a field.
State the speed of each of α, β and γ radiations.
What is the composition of α, β and γ radiations?
Arrange the α, β, and γ radiation in ascending order of their biological damage. Give reason.
A radioactive substance emits radiations ______.
Compare the ionising powers of α, β and γ radiations.
A beam of α, β and γ rays is travelling through a certain region in space.
- Arrange them in ascending order of ionising power.
- Which of the above will pass undeviated if subjected to an electric field?
- With respect to your answer to part (b) above, what will be the change in the nucleus of an atom after such a ray is emitted.
Arrange the α, β and γ radiations in ascending order of their penetrating power.
