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प्रश्न
Tabulate the differences in the characteristics of states of matter.
उत्तर
| Property | Solid | Liquid | Gas | |
| 1. | Shape and volume | They have a definite shape as well as a definite volume. | They have a definite volume but no definite shape. | They have neither a definite shape nor a definite volume. |
| 2. | Compressibility | Solids are completely incompressible. | Liquids are almost incompressible. | Gases are highly compressible. |
| 3. | Rigidity/Fluidity | Solids possess rigidity. | Liquids can flow, therefore they possess fluidity which is lower than that of gases. | Gases flow more easily than liquids and thus, have the highest fluidity. |
| 4. | Kinetic energy | Their particles have minimum kinetic energy. | Their particles have kinetic energy higher than those of solids. | Their particles have the highest kinetic energy. |
| 5. | Density | They have high-density. | Their density is lower than those of solids but much higher than those of gases. | They generally have very low densities. |
| 6. | Diffusion | They normally do not show the property of diffusion although some rare examples of diffusion of one solid into another are known. | They show the property of diffusion. As a result, solids, liquids, and gases can all diffuse into liquids. | They diffuse very. The diffusion of a gas is, however, inversely proportional to the square root of its density. Thus, lighter gas diffuses more rapidly than heavier gas. |
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संबंधित प्रश्न
The mass per unit volume of a substance is called density.
(density = mass/volume).
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air, exhaust from chimneys, honey, water, chalk, cotton and iron.
Name two gases which are supplied in compressed form in homes and hospitals.
Give two reasons to justify that Water is a liquid at room temperature.
Give reason for the following observation :
The smell of hot sizzling food reaches us even from a considerable distance but to get the smell from cold food, we have to go close to it.
Why do gases diffuse very fast?
A student placed a gas jar containing air in the upside down position over a gas jar full of red-brown bromine vapours. He observed that the red-brown colour spread upwards into the jar containing air. Based on this observation, the student concluded that it is only the bromine vapour which moves up and diffuses into air in the upper jar, the air from the upper jar does not move down by diffusion into the lower jar containing bromine vapours. Do you agree with this conclusion of the student? Give reason for your answer.
Comment upon the following:-
shape
Which of the following is TRUE about gaseous state?
2 litre He gas at 2 atm and 300 K is inserted into a 4 litre rigid container containing N2 at 600 K and 4 atm. Finally mixture is maintained at 600 K temperature. The final pressure of gaseous mixture would be ______ torr.
Two gases A and B having molecular weights 60 and 45 respectively are enclosed in a vessel. The wt. of A is 0.50 g and that of B is 0.2 g. The total pressure of the mixture is 750 mm. The partial pressure of the gases B is ______ mm Hg.
