Advertisements
Advertisements
प्रश्न
What are the objectives of preparing trading account?
उत्तर
- The trading account provides information about gross profit and gross loss.
- It provides an opportunity to safeguard against possible losses.
- It provides information about direct expenses and direct incomes.
APPEARS IN
संबंधित प्रश्न
Prepare trading account in the books of Mr. Sanjay for the year ended 31st December 2017:
| Particulars | ₹ | Particulars | ₹ |
| Opening stock | 570 | Purchases | 15,800 |
| Sales | 26,200 | Purchases returns | 90 |
| Sales returns | 60 | Closing stock | 860 |
Why is a Trading Account prepared?
Explain the needs of a Trading Account.
Mr. Patil, the owner of Jai Hind Engineers, submits the following trial balance to you for the year ended 31st March 2019:
| Dr. (₹) | Cr. (₹) | |
| Purchase and Sales | 16,180 | 75,200 |
| Opening Stock | 6,500 | |
| Drawings | 4,000 | |
| Motor Cycle | 12,500 | |
| Cycles and Carts Delivery | 2,500 | |
| Bad Debts | 200 | |
| Debtors and Creditors | 4,000 | 2,000 |
| Vehicle Expenses | 1,100 | |
| Capital | 8,600 | |
| Bills Receivable and Payable | 800 | 1,000 |
| Bank and Cash Balances | 1,800 | |
| Petty Cash | 100 | |
| Insurance Premium | 500 | |
| Salaries | 900 | |
| Petty Expenses | 300 | |
| Wages | 1,500 | |
| Rent | 3,000 | |
| Godown Rent | 1,800 | |
| General Expenditure | 700 | |
| Bank Loan | 2,000 | |
| Carriage Inwards | 500 | |
| Worker's Equipment | 30,000 | |
| Returns | 200 | 280 |
| 89,080 | 89,080 |
Prepare the final accounts for him. Closing stock is valued at ₹ 5,400.
The following is the trial balance of Mr. R.P. Sharma for the year ended 31st December, 2018. Compile the final accounts for him, after attending to the adjustments and thereafter also submit the required information, listed by him.
| Debit (₹) | Credit (₹) | |
| Land | 1,00,000 | |
| Freehold Premises | 60,000 | |
| Bills Receivable and Payable | 20,000 | 24,000 |
| Wages | 15,000 | |
| Rejection of Goods Including Price Adjustments | 2,500 | 3,500 |
| Personal Accounts Resulting from Credit Sales and Purchases | 31,000 | 15,000 |
| Purchase and Sales Including Cash Transactions | 40,500 | 96,000 |
| Salaries | 7,000 | |
| Insurance and Municipal Taxes | 1,500 | |
| Rentals | 2,000 | 4,500 |
| Bad Debts | 600 | |
| Carriage | 3,000 | |
| Opening Stock | 5,000 | |
| Commission Accounts | 500 | 600 |
| Vehicles | 62,000 | |
| Machinery | 85,000 | |
| Drawings and Capital Accounts | 8,000 | 1,75,000 |
| Loan from the S.F.C. | 1,25,000 | |
| 4,43,600 | 4,43,600 |
Closing stock value is ₹ 7,500.
The following is the trial balance of Miss H. Seattle as on 31st December, 2018.
| Dr. (₹) | Cr. (₹) | |
| Salaries | 5,500 | |
| Wages | 33,000 | |
| Returns Accounted | 10,000 | 8,000 |
| Carriage Inwards | 12,000 | |
| Carriage Outwards | 10,000 | |
| Rent | 3,300 | |
| Insurance | 7,000 | |
| Stock on 1.1.2018 | 15,000 | |
| Rates and Taxes | 2,700 | |
| Power and Fuel | 8,000 | |
| Plant and Machinery | 1,00,000 | |
| Furniture and Fixtures | 10,000 | |
| Purchases | 1,20,000 | |
| Sales | 2,05,000 | |
| Investments (long-term basis) | 80,000 | |
| Income from Investments | 10,000 | |
| Commission Receipts | 12,000 | |
| Discount to Customers and from Creditors | 4,000 | 6,000 |
| Bad Debts Written off | 2,000 | |
| Cash in Bank | 25,000 | |
| Cash in Hand | 500 | |
| Capital | 2,20,000 | |
| Debtors' and Creditors' Personal Accounts | 52,000 | 39,000 |
| 5,00,000 | 5,00,000 |
Compile the final accounts for the owner, after attending to the adjustment given below.
- Closing stock is evaluated at the lower market price ₹ 42,000 ignoring the cost price, which is higher by ₹ 4,000.
The following is the trial balance of Mr. J. Jehangir as on 31st March, 2018.
| Dr. (₹) | Cr. (₹) | |
| Stock as on 1.4.18 | 25,000 | |
| Rates and Insurance | 11,900 | |
| Factory Power & Fuel | 16,000 | |
| Machineries | 1,00,000 | |
| Loose Tools | 10,000 | |
| Commission Earnings | 2,000 | |
| Discounts Received and Allowed | 6,000 | 5,000 |
| Personal Accounts of Suppliers & Customers | 48,000 | 20,000 |
| Salaries | 25,500 | |
| Wages | 13,000 | |
| Returns (of goods traded in) | 5,000 | 3,000 |
| Carriage Inward | 2,000 | |
| Carriage Outward | 5,000 | |
| Rent | 8,300 | |
| Purchases & Sales | 1,40,000 | 2,55,000 |
| Bad Debts Finalised & Recovered | 2,000 | 200 |
| Bills Receivable & Payable | 6,000 | 3,000 |
| Investments | 80,000 | |
| Income from Above Investments | 5,000 | |
| Bank Balances | 20,000 | 10,000 |
| Cash in Hand | 500 | |
| Capital & Drawings | 15,000 | 2,36,000 |
| 5,39,200 | 5,39,200 |
Compile the final accounts for the owner.
An inventory of the godown on 31.3.2018, reflected unsold stock valued ₹ 50,000.
From the following Trial Balance of Mr. P.H. Planner as on 31.3.2019, prepare final accounts for him:
| Debit (₹) | Credit (₹) | |
| Duty, Clearing and Freight | 10,000 | |
| Stock (1.4.2018) | 30,000 | |
| Goodwill | 30,000 | |
| Salary, Bonus and Travel Allowance | 25,000 | |
| Leasehold Premises | 90,000 | |
| Purchases and Sales | 2,40,000 | 3,80,000 |
| Debtors and Creditors | 20,000 | 15,000 |
| Capital and Drawings | 20,000 | 1,60,000 |
| General Expenses | 16,000 | |
| Factory Equipment and Tools | 18,000 | |
| Bank | 5,000 | |
| Interest-free Loan from Mr. P.H. Planner for four years | 80,000 | |
| Wages and Bonus | 35,000 | |
| Cash and Petty Cash | 17,000 | |
| Plant and Machinery | 50,000 | |
| Bill Payable and Receivable | 12,000 | 8,000 |
| Professional Charges | 18,000 | |
| Returns | 7,000 | 4,000 |
| Insurance and Office Expenses | 14,000 | |
| 6,52,000 | 6,52,000 |
Closing Stock is ₹ 45,000.
Prepare Trading, Profit and Loss A/c and Balance Sheet of M/s Banerjee Enterprises for the Year ended 31st March, 2010 from the following Trial Balance.
| Heads of Accounts | (Dr.) (₹) | (Cr.) (₹) |
| Opening Stock | 25,000 | - |
| Purchases and Sales | 75,000 | 2,00,000 |
| Discounts | 3,600 | 6,000 |
| Debtors and Creditors | 32,000 | 15,000 |
| Bad debts | 400 | - |
| Cash-in-Hand | 3,000 | - |
| Machinery | 50,000 | - |
| Salaries | 8,000 | - |
| Carriage Inwards | 2,000 | - |
| Wages | 6,000 | - |
| Investments | 20,000 | - |
| Land and Building | 90,300 | - |
| Bank Overdraft | - | 20,000 |
| Commissions | 1,350 | 3,510 |
| Interest on Investments | - | 2,000 |
| Electricity | 2,000 | - |
| Rent | 2,500 | - |
| Insurance | 1,800 | - |
| Capital | - | 76,440 |
| 3,22,950 | 3,22,950 |
Closing stock was ₹ 10,360.
Prepare a Trading, Profit and Loss account of Mr. A. Awasthi for the year ending on 31st March, 2022 and a Balance Sheet as on 31st March, 2022.
| Particulars | Amount (Dr.) Rs. | Amount (Cr.) Rs. |
| Capital | 60,000 | |
| Drawings | 4,500 | |
| Cash at Bank | 4,200 | |
| Purchase | 66,000 | |
| Sales | 1,35,000 | |
| Purchase Returns | 3,000 | |
| Sales Returns | 6,000 | |
| Discount | 1,200 | |
| Carriage Outwards | 1,800 | |
| Salaries | 18,000 | |
| Trade expenses | 3,600 | |
| Opening stock | 15,000 | |
| Bad debts | 1,800 | |
| Rent | 4,500 | |
| Machinery | 1,08,000 | |
| Furniture | 15,000 | |
| Debtors | 15,000 | |
| Creditors | 30,000 | |
| Stationary | 7,500 | |
| Commission received | 900 | |
| Loan | 43,200 | |
| 2,72,100 | 2,72,100 |
Closing stock on 31st March, 2022 was valued at ₹ 78,000.
