Science Delhi (Set 1) 2019-2020 English Medium Class 10 Question Paper Solution

Name a cyclic unsaturated carbon compound.

The change in magnetic field lines in a coil is the cause of induced electric current in it. Name the underlying phenomenon.

Answer the following question.
The growing size of the human population is a cause of concern for all people. The rate of birth and death in a given population will determine its size. Reproduction is the process by which organisms increase their population. The process of sexual maturation for reproduction is gradual and takes place while general body growth is still going on. Some degree of sexual maturation does not necessarily mean that the mind or body is ready for sexual acts or for having and bringing up children. Various contraceptive devices are being used by human beings to control the size of the population.

(a) List two common signs of sexual maturation in boys and girls.
(b) What is the result of reckless female foeticide?
(c) Which contraceptive method changes the hormonal balance of the body?
(d) Write two factors that determine the size of a population.

Answer the following question.
Human body is made up of five important components, of which water is the main component. Food, as well as potable water, are essential for every human being. The food is obtained from plants through agriculture.  Pesticides are being used extensively for a high yield in the fields. These pesticides are absorbed by the plants from the soil along with water and minerals and from the water bodies, these pesticides are taken up by the aquatic animals and plants. As these chemicals are not biodegradables, they get accumulated progressively at each trophic level. The maximum concentration of these chemicals gets accumulated in our bodies and greatly affects the health of our mind and body.

(a) Why is the maximum concentration of pesticides found in human beings?

(b) Give one method which could be applied to reduce our intake of pesticides through food to some extent.

(c) Various steps in a food chain represent :
(a) Food web
(b) Trophic level
(c) Ecosystem
(d) Biomagnification

(d) With regard to various food chains operating in an ecosystem, man is a:
(a) Consumer
(b) Producer
(c) Producer and consumer
(d) Producer and decomposer

Calcium oxide reacts vigorously with water to produce slaked lime.
\[\ce{CaO{(s)} + H2O(l) -> Ca(OH)2(aq)}\]
This reaction can be classified as:
(A) Combination reaction
(B) Exothermic reaction
(C) Endothermic reaction
(D) Oxidation reaction

(A) and (C)

(C) and (D)

(A), (C) and (D)

(A) and (B)

Choose the correct option from given alternative: 
When hydrogen sulphide gas is passed through a blue solution of copper sulphate, a black precipitate of copper sulphide is obtained and the sulphuric acid so formed remains in the solution. The reaction is an example of a:

Combination reaction

Displacement reaction

Decomposition reaction

Double displacement reaction

Choose the correct option from given alternative: 
In a double displacement reaction such as the reaction between sodium sulphate solution and barium chloride solution:
(A) exchange of atoms takes place
(B) exchange of ions takes place
(C) a precipitate is produced
(D) an insoluble salt is produced

(B) and (D)

(A) and (C)

only (B)

(B), (C) and (D)

Baking soda is a mixture of:

Sodium carbonate and acetic acid

Sodium carbonate and tartaric acid

Sodium hydrogen carbonate and tartaric acid

Sodium hydrogen carbonate and acetic acid

The chemical formula for plaster of Paris is :

CaSO₄. 2H₂O

CaSO₄. H₂O

\[\ce{CaSo4.1/2H2O}\]

2CaSO₄. H₂O

The laws of reflection hold true for:

plane mirrors only

concave mirrors only

convex mirrors only

all reflecting surfaces

When an object is kept within the focus of a concave mirror, an enlarged image is formed behind the mirror. This image is :

real

inverted

virtual and inverted

virtual and erect

Choose the correct option from given alternative: 
At the time of short circuit, the electric current in the circuit :

vary continuously

does not change.

reduces substantially

increases heavily

Choose the correct option from given alternative: 
Two bulbs of 100 W and 40 W are connected in series. The current through the 100 W bulb is 1A. The current through the 40W bulb will be:

0.4 A

0.6 A

0.8 A

1 A

Which one of the following is responsible for the sustenance of underground water?

Loss of vegetation cover

Diversion for high water demanding crops

Pollution from urban wastes

Afforestation

Choose the correct option from given alternative:
Incomplete combustion of coal and petroleum :
(A) increases air pollution.
(B) increases the efficiency of machines.
(C) reduces global warming.
(D) produce poisonous gases.

(A) and (B)

(A) and (D)

(B) and (C)

(C) and (D)

Two statements are given - one labelled Assertion (A) and the other labelled Reason (R).
Assertion (A): Esterification is a process in which a sweet-smelling substance is produced.
Reason (R): When esters react with sodium hydroxide an alcohol and sodium salt of carboxylic acid are obtained.

Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of the Assertion.

Both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation of the Assertion.

A is true but R is false.

A is false but R is true.

Two statements are given - one labelled Assertion (A) and the other labelled Reason (R).

Assertion (A): In the process of nuclear fission, the amount of nuclear energy generated by the fission of an atom of uranium is so tremendous that it produces 10 million times the energy produced by the combustion of an atom of carbon from coal.
Reason (R): The nucleus of a heavy atom such as uranium, when bombarded with low energy neutrons, splits apart into lighter nuclei. The mass difference between the original nucleus and the product nuclei gets converted to tremendous energy.

Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of the Assertion.

Both A and R true but R is not the correct explanation of the Assertion.

A is true but R is false.

A is false but R is true.

Answer the following question:
1 g of copper powder was taken in a China dish and heated. What change takes place on heating? When hydrogen gas is passed over this heated substance, a visible change is seen in it. Give the chemical equations of reactions, the name and the color of the products formed in each case.

Answer the following question:
List the important products of the Chlor-alkali process. Write one important use of each.

Answer the following question.
How is washing soda prepared from sodium carbonate? Give its chemical equation. State the type of this salt. Name the type of hardness of water that can be removed by it?

3 mL of ethanol is taken in a test tube and warmed gently in a water bath. A 5% solution of alkaline potassium permanganate is added to the first drop by drop to this solution, then in excess.

(i) How is a 5% solution of KMnO₄ prepared?

(ii) State the role of alkaline potassium permanganate in this reaction. What happens on adding it in excess?

(iii) Write the chemical equation of this reaction.

A squirrel is in a scary situation. Its body has to prepare for either fighting or running away. State the immediate changes that take place in its body so that the squirrel is able to either fight or run?

Why is chemical communication better than electrical impulses as a means of communication between cells in a multi-cellular organism?

Differentiate between self-pollination and cross-pollination.

Answer the following question:
What are homologous structures? Give an example. Is it necessary that homologous structures always have a common ancestor? Justify your answer.

Answer the following question:
Why is the Tyndall effect shown by colloidal particles? State four instances of observing the Tyndall effect.

Answer the following question:
Differentiate between a glass slab and a glass prism. What happens when a narrow beam of
(i) a monochromatic light, and
(ii) white light passes through
(a) glass slab and
(b) glass prism?

Draw a labelled diagram to show (i) reddish appearance of the sun at the sunrise or the sunset and (ii) white appearance of the sun at noon when it is overhead.

A V-I graph for a nichrome wire is given below. What do you infer from this graph? Draw a labelled circuit diagram to obtain such a graph.

Answer the following question.
Write the mathematical expression for Joule's law of heating.

Solve the following question.
Compute the heat generated while transferring 96000 coulombs of charge in two hours through a potential difference of 40 V.

Answer the following question:
Carbon cannot reduce the oxides of sodium, magnesium, and aluminum to their respective metals. Why? Where are these metals placed in the reactivity series? How are these metals obtained from their ores? Take an example to explain the process of extraction along with chemical equations.

The position of certain elements in the Modern Periodic Table is shown below:

Using the above table answer the following questions giving reasons in each case :
(i) Which element will form only covalent compounds?
(ii) Which element is a non-metal with valency 2?
(iii) Which element is a metal with valency 2?
(iv) Out of H, C, and F which has the largest atomic size?
(v) To which family does H, C, and F belong?

Answer the following question.
Define the atomic size. Give its unit of measurement. In the modern periodic table what trend is observed in the atomic radius in a group and a period and why is it so?

Why is there a difference in the rate of breathing between aquatic organisms and terrestrial organisms? Explain.

Name the organs that form the excretory system in human beings.

Answer the following question:
What is the law of dominance of traits? Explain with an example.

Answer the following question.
Why are the traits acquired during the life-time-of-an individual not inherited? Explain.

Draw a ray diagram in each of the following cases to show the formation of image, when the object is placed :

(i) between the optical centre and principal focus of a convex lens.
(ii) anywhere in front of a concave lens.
(iii) at 2F of a convex lens.
State the signs and values of magnifications in the above-mentioned cases (i) and (ii).

An object 4.0 cm in size, is placed 25.0 cm in front of a concave mirror of focal length 15.0 cm.

(i) At what distance from the mirror should a screen be placed in order to obtain a sharp image?
(ii) Find the size of the image.
(iii) Draw a ray diagram to show the formation of the image in this case.

What is an electromagnet? List any two uses.

Draw a labelled diagram to show how an electromagnet is made.

State the purpose of soft iron core used in making an electromagnet.

List two ways of increasing the strength of an electromagnet if the material of the electromagnet is fixed.