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Answer the following question briefly:
Explain the pre-conventional stage of morality.
Concept: Childhood - Motor, Cognitive Development, Socio-emotional Development
Describe concrete cognitive development during childhood.
Concept: Childhood - Motor, Cognitive Development, Socio-emotional Development
All individuals have a certain knowledge of themselves and some beliefs about their own characteristics. What is this known as?
Concept: Childhood - Motor, Cognitive Development, Socio-emotional Development
In a study on Moral Development, subjects were presented with a hypothetical situation involving conflicting moral values or moral dilemmas. They were asked to make judgements on this situation and give their reasoning.
- Who proposed the Theory of Moral Development referred to above?
- Briefly explain each of the following stages of Moral Development:
- Obedience and Punishment Orientation.
- Good girl-Good boy Orientation.
- Social Contract Orientation/Legalistic Orientation.
Concept: Childhood - Motor, Cognitive Development, Socio-emotional Development
| Shireen and Rafi are siblings aged five and six years respectively. They like to play at home pretending as king and queen. They wear their mother's gowns and decorate the chair like a throne. They believe that their toy horse is real and ride it. They want their mother to play with them and get upset when she refuses to play. They do not understand that their mother is tired and needs rest. |
- Name the stage of Cognitive Development that Shireen and Rafi are going through.
- Discuss any six features of the stage of Cognitive Development that Shireen and Rafi are experiencing.
Concept: Childhood - Motor, Cognitive Development, Socio-emotional Development
Observe the image shown below and identify the stage of cognitive development.
Concept: Childhood - Motor, Cognitive Development, Socio-emotional Development
Study the relation between the first two words and then fill in the fourth word.
Good boy-Good girl orientation : Conventional level : : Universal ethical principle orientation : ______.
Concept: Childhood - Motor, Cognitive Development, Socio-emotional Development
| Ananta, aged 8 years and her sister Rashmi, aged 4 years, are given a set of objects like coloured marbles, toy animals and plastic fruits. They are asked to sort and classify these objects. Ananta can sort the objects based on colour, shape, and size easily. However, Rashmi cannot sort these objects based on their features. |
- According to Piaget’s theory, what stages of cognitive development are Ananta and Rashmi currently in? (2)
- Contrast the stages of cognitive development of Ananta and Rashmi on any two bases. (2)
Concept: Childhood - Motor, Cognitive Development, Socio-emotional Development
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Ten participants, all having a phobia of spiders, were divided into two groups for a study that aimed at determining the effectiveness of Cognitive Behaviour Therapy (CBT) and Systematic Desensitisation. Each group underwent two sessions of each therapy. At the end of every session, the effectiveness of therapies was measured based on a questionnaire on Anxiety, which was filled by the participants. The responses of the participants have been depicted in the graph given below.
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- Refer to the graph shown above and determine which treatment was more effective. Contrast the effectiveness of Cognitive Behaviour Therapy (CBT) and Systematic Desensitisation. (3)
- Discuss any two symptoms and any two causes of Phobias. (4)
Concept: Childhood - Motor, Cognitive Development, Socio-emotional Development
Answer the following question briefly:
What is meant by the term puberty?
Concept: Challenges of Adolescence
Discuss two eating’disorders as major concerns of adolescence.
Concept: Challenges of Adolescence
Discuss in detail how alcohol can be a major concern during adolescence.
Concept: Challenges of Adolescence
Answer the following question:
Who are delinquents?
Concept: Challenges of Adolescence
Read the case given below and answer the questions that follow.
| Nikki is a preschooler whose mother takes care of her daily activities. As Nikki acquires new skills, she wants to pack her school bag, decide her clothes and choose her toys. However, Nikki's mother does not allow her to do so. |
- Name and briefly describe the crisis/phase that Nikki is going through.
- Explain the last five stages of Psychosocial Development.
Concept: Challenges of Adolescence
Briefly explain any one effect of the environment on the following:
Human Emotion
Concept: Challenges of Adolescence
Answer the following:
What are stressors?
Concept: Meaning of Stress
Answer the following question briefly:
Who put forward the General Adaptation Syndrome model of stress?
Concept: Meaning of Stress
Answer the following:
What is meant by Primary Cognitive Appraisal?
Concept: Meaning of Stress
Discuss the different stages of the GAS model of stress.
Concept: Meaning of Stress
Answer the following question briefly:
What is the primary cognitive appraisal of stress?
Concept: Meaning of Stress
