Social Science SSLC (English Medium) Class 10 Tamil Nadu Board of Secondary Education Syllabus 2024-25

• Capitalist Countries’ Race for Markets
• Rise of Monopoly Capitalism
• Imperialism and its Essential Characteristics

• Europe
• Clashes amongst Great Powers
• Asia: The Rise of Japan
• Strong-arm Diplomacy of Japan
• Colonisation and its Fallout

A. Causes:

• European Alliances and Counter-Alliances
• Violent Forms of Nationalism
• Aggressive Attitude of German Emperor
• Hostility of France towards Germany
• Imperial Power Politics in the Balkans  
• The Balkan Wars
• Immediate Cause

B. Course of the War:

• Two Warring Camps Central Powers
• Allies
• Tsar’s Abortive Attempts for Peace
• War in Western or French Front
• Battles of Tannenberg and Marne
• Battle of Verdun
• War in Eastern or Russian front
• Minor Theatres of War: In the Middle East, In the Far East, In the Balkans.
• Fate of Colonies of Germany in Africa
• Italy falls to Austrian onslaught
• Central Powers’ Victories
• Naval Battles and America’s entry into the War

C. The Armistice and Treaty of Versailles:

• Peace Conference in Paris
• Provisions of the Treaty
• Fallout of the First World War
• Impact on India

A. Introduction 

B. Causes of the Revolution

• Social Causes 
• Role of Revolutionaries
• Autocracy of the Tsar
• Opposition to Tsar and Dissolution of Duma
• Popular Uprisings
• Abdication of Tsar 
• Provisional Government
• Failure of Provisional Government
• Takeover by the Bolshevik Party under Lenin’s leadership 
• Outcome of the Revolution
• Global Influence of the Russian Revolution

• Structure and Composition
• Objectives of the League
• Activities of the League
• Violations
• Causes of Failure

• Developments in the post-World War I
• Stock Market Crash in the US 
• Breakdown of the International System of Exchange
• Repercussion in Politics

A. The Impact of War in Italy  

• Emergence of Mussolini
• Fascists under Mussolini 
• Mussolini’s Pact with Pope
• Italy during the Great Depression

B. Germany in the post-War

• Evolution of German Fascism
• The Nazi State of Hitler
• Nazi Policy towards Jews
• Defiance of the Treaty of Versailles

A. French Indo-China

• Rise of Anti-Colonialism 
• The Emergence of Viet Minh

B. Decolonisation in India

• Dyarchy in Provinces
• Lack of Measures to Industrialise India
• Impact of Depression on Indian Agriculture
• Government of India Act, 1935

• Colonisation of Africa
• Boer Wars
• Nationalist Politics in South Africa
• Racist Policy against the Blacks

• Mayas and Aztecs
• European Colonisation and its Impact
• Impact of Napoleonic Invasion of Spain and Portugal
• The Monroe Doctrine
• Disunity among Latin American Nationalists
• US Imperial Interests 
• Great Depression in South America

A. Causes:

• Germany and the Treaty of Versailles, 1919
• Failure of League of Nations
• Post-War Crisis and Germany
• The Rise of Adolf Hitler
• Allies and Non-Intervention
• Munich Pact

B. Course of World War II:

• Nature of the War
• Outbreak of War
• Important Events
• Lend Lease 1941–1945
• Invasion of Russia 1941-1942
• Battle of Stalingrad (17 July 1942 to 2 February 1943)
• Battle of El Alamein 1942
• Surrender of Italy 1943
• End of Hitler
• War in the Asia-Pacific Region
• Pearl Harbour 1941
• Japanese Aggression in South-east Asia
• Battle of Midway and Battle of Guadalcanal 1942
• Hiroshima and Nagasaki, August 1945

C. Effects of the War:

• Universal Declaration of Human Rights
• Birth of Israel

• United Nations
• General Assembly and Security Council  
• Administrative Structure
• Other Important Organs of the UN 
• Activities of the UN
• World Bank
• International Monetary Fund (IMF)

1. China in the Pre-War Period
2. The Chinese Revolution 1911
3. Yuan Shih-kai and After
4. Communist Party of China

• Kuomintang and Chiang Kai Shek
• Mao as Organizer of Peasants 
• The Long March 1934
• Japanese Aggression
• Communist Victory
• National People’s Congress
• Denial of UNO Membership

1. Truman’s Policy of Containment of Communism
2. Marshall Plan

1. NATO
2. SEATO or Manila Pact (1954)
3. Warsaw Pact 
4. CENTO or the Baghdad Pact

• Third World Countries

• India's Foreign Policy during the Cold War Era 
• New Developments: in the 1990s and the 20^th Century
• India in the Resurgent 21^st Century

• Cuban Missile Crisis

• Suez Canal Crisis (1956)
• Arab–Israeli War 1967
• Israel’s Offensive
• Arab–Israeli War 1973

1. Council of Europe
2. European Coal and Steel Community (ECSC)
3. European Economic Community (EEC)
4. Single European Act (SEA)
5. European Union (EU)

• Disintegration of the Soviet Union

1. Raja Rammohan Roy and Brahmo Samaj
2. Maharishi Debendranath Tagore  
3. Keshab Chandra Sen & Brahmo Samaj of India
4. Ishwar Chandra Vidyasagar
5. Prarthana Samaj

1.  Swami Dayanand Saraswati and Arya Samaj 1875
2. Ramakrishna Paramahamsa
3. Swami Vivekananda
4. Theosophical Movement - Contribution of Annie Besant

1. Jyotiba Phule
2. Narayana Guru
3. Ayyankali

• Sir Sayyid Ahmed Khan
• Aligarh Movement
• Deoband Movement

1. Ramalinga Swamigal
2. Iyothee Thassar

• Palayams and Palayakkarars: Eastern and Western Palayams

A. Revolt of Puli Thevar 1755–1767:

• Confederacy and Alliance with Enemies of the British
• Kalakadu Battle
• Yusuf Khan and Puli Thevar
• Fall of Puli Thevar 

B. Velunachiyar (1730–1796):

C. Rebellion of Veerapandya Kattabomman 1790-1799:

• Confrontation with Jackson
• Appearance before Madras Council 
• Kattabomman and the Confederacy of Palayakkarars
• The Siege of Panchalamkurichi 
• Execution of Kattabomman

D. The Marudhu Brothers:

• Rebellion of Marudhu Brothers (1800–1801) 
• Proclamation of 1801
• Fall of Sivagangai
• Carnatic Treaty, 1801

E. Dheeran Chinnamalai (1756–1805):

1. Grievances of Indian Soldiers
2. Outbreak of the Revolt: Gillespie’s Brutality
3. Consequences of Revolt
4. Estimate of Revolt

• Changes in the Revenue System
• Subletting of Land

A. Peasant Uprising

• Farazi Movement
• Wahhabi Rebellion in Barasat

B. Tribal Uprising

1. Kol Revolt
2. Santhal Hool (Insurrection): Outbreak  
   

C. Munda Rebellion

• The outburst
• Scope of the struggle
• Leadership of the struggle
• Crushing of the struggle 

• Indigo Revolt 1859-60
• Deccan Riots 1875

• Rise of Nationalism
• Economic Critique of Colonialism
• Objectives and Methods
• Militant Nationalism

•  Hindu–Muslim Divide
• Anti- Partition Movement
• Boycott and Swadeshi Movement in Bengal (1905–1911)

• Objectives of the Home Rule Movement
• Lucknow Pact (1916)
• British Response

• Evolution of Gandhi: Satyagraha as a Strategy in South Africa.

• Champaran Satyagraha
• Kheda Satyagraha
• Workers movement at Ahmedabad

1. No-Tax Campaign and Chauri Chaura Incident
2. Swarajists
3. Constructive Programme of Gandhi 
4. Boycott of Simon Commission
5. Nehru Report

1. Salt Satyagraha Movement: Salt Satyagraha in Provinces
2. Round Table Conferences
3. Gandhi-Irwin Pact
4. Renewal of Civil Disobedience Movement
5. Communal Award and Poona Pact 
6. Campaign Against Untouchability

1. Foundation of Communist Party
2. Revolutionary Activities
3. Left Movement in the 1930s

1. Congress Ministries and their Work
2. Resignation of Congress Ministries
3.  National Movement during the Second World War, 1939–45

1. Individual Satyagraha
2. Cripps Mission
3. "Do or Die" Call by Gandhi 
4. Role of Socialists
5. People’s Response
6. Subhas Chandra Bose and INA

1. Royal Indian Navy Revolt
2. Negotiating Independence: Simla Conference
3. Cabinet Mission
4. Direct Action Day Call by Muslim League
5. Mountbatten Plan
6. Independence and Partition

• Madras Native Association
• Beginnings of the Nationalist Press: The Hindu and Swadesamitran
• Madras Mahajana Sabha
• Moderate Phase

1. Response in Tamilnadu
   - Swadeshi Steam Navigation Company
   - Tirunelveli Uprising
2. Revolutionary Activities in Tamil Nadu 
   - Ashe Murder
3. Annie Besant and the Home Rule Movement.

1. The South Indian Liberal Federation 
   - Justice Ministry
2. Government’s Repressive Measures: Rowlatt Act 
   - Rowlatt Satyagraha
3. Khilafat Movement

• No Tax Campaigns and Temperance Movement 
• Swarajists-Justicites Rivalry
• Subbarayan Ministry
• Simon Commission Boycott

1. Towards Poorna Swaraj
2. Salt March to Vedaranyam
3. Widespread Agitations in Tamil Districts: Martyrdom of Tirupur Kumaran
4. First Congress Ministry
5. Anti-Hindi Agitation

• Advent of the Printing Technology
• V.G. Suryanarayana Sastri (Parithimar Kalaignar) 
• Maraimalai Adigal
• Tani Tamil Iyakkam (Pure Tamil Movement)

• Programmes and Activities

• Periyar E.V.R.
• Periyar, a Feminist
• Rettaimalai Srinivasan
• M.C. Rajah

• Indian : Location, Size and Extent
• Indian Standard Time (IST)

• Ganga Plains
• Brahmaputra Plains
• Rajastan Plains
• Punjab Plains

1. The western coastal plains
2. The eastern coastal plains

• Introduction
• Experiment 

• Improved seeds
• Irrigation
• Modern methods of irrigation
• Modern Irrigation Methods

• Rice
• Wheat
• Jowar
• Bajra
• Barley
• Pulses

• Sugarcane
• Cotton
• Jute
• Oil Seeds

• Tea
• Coffee
• Rubber
• Spices

• Cattle
• Goats
• Buffaloes 
• Dairy, Meat, and Wool Production

• Types of Minerals:
  a) Metallic Minerals:  Iron ore, Manganese, Copper, and Bauxite.
  b) Non-Metallic Minerals: Mica, Lime Stone, Gypsum.

• Agro-based industries:
  a) Cotton Textile Industry
  b) Jute Textiles
  c) Silk Industry
  d) Sugar Industry
• Forest-based industries:
  a) Paper industry
• Mineral-based industries:
  a) Iron and steel industries
• Automobile Industry 
• Electrical and Electronic Industries
• Software Industry
• Heavy Engineering Industries
• The Meat - Packing Industry
• Major challenges of Indian Industries

• Metallic Minerals
  1) Iron ore
  2) Manganese
  3) Copper 
  4) Bauxite
• Non-Metallic Minerals
  1) Mica
  2) Lime Stone
  3) Gypsum

• Conventional Sources of Energy

1. Coal
2. Petroleum
3. Natural Gas
4. Electricity

• Non-Conventional Sources of Energy

1. Nuclear or Atomic Energy
2. Solar Energy
3. Wind power
4. Biogas
5. Tidal Energy
6. Geo Thermal Energy

• Coal
• Petroleum or Crude oil
• Natural Gas

• Thermal power
• Nuclear power

• Hydro power
• Solar Energy
• Wind Energy
• Biomass Energy
• Tidal and wave Energy

• Population
• What is Demography?
• Census

• Population composition
• Age composition
• Sex Ratio 
• Literacy Rate 
• Occupational structure  
• Population Dynamics 
• Problems of over Population

• Urbanization in India
• Impact of Urbanization

• Roadways
• Classification of Roads in India:
  a) National Highways (NH)
  b) State Highways
  c) District Roads 
  d) Rural Roads (Village Roads)
  e) Border Roads
  f) Golden Quadrilateral
  g) North-South and East-West Corridors
  h) Expressways
  i) International Highways
• Railways:
  a) Metro Railways in India
• Pipeline transport:
• Waterways:
  a) Inland Waterways
  National Waterway 1
  National Waterway 2
  National Waterway 3 
  b) Oceanic Routes
• Air Transport:
  Pavan-Hans Helicopter Ltd
  Airports Authority of India (AAI)

• Personal Communication
• Mass Communication Systems
• Satellite Communication

• Types of Trade 
  1. Internal trade
  2. International trade
• Exports
• Imports

• Boundaries and Neighbours
• Administrative Divisions
• Physiographic Divisions

• Nilgiri Hills
• Anaimalai
• Palani Hills
• Cardamom Hills
• Varusanadu and Andipatti Hills
• Pothigai Hills
• Mahendragiri Hills

• Javadhu Hills
• Kalvarayan Hills
• Servarayan Hills
• Kolli Hills
• Pachaimalai

• Plateaus : Deccan Plateau, Chota Nagpur Plateau.

• Beaches

• Cauvery
• Palar
• Then Pennaiyar/Then Ponnaiyar
• Vaigai
• Thamirabarani

• Alluvial Soil
• Black Soil
• Red Soil
• Laterite Soil
• Saline Soil

• Warning System in India
• Disaster Management in India
• State Disaster Management plan
• General Survival Techniques

• Landslide 
• Flood
• Cyclone
• Drought
• Fire Accident
• Tsunami
• Earthquakes

• Agricultural seasons
• Agricultural work
• Traditional agriculture

• Landform
• Climate 
• Soil
• Irrigation

• Paddy
• Millets
• Pulses
• Oil Seeds
• Sugarcane
• Cotton
• Plantation crops

• Agro-Complementary Occupations
• Animal Husbandry

• Multipurpose River Valley Projects
• Mettur Dam
• Bhavani Sagar Dam
• Amaravathi Dam
• Krishnagiri Dam
• Sathanur Dam
• Mullaiperiyar Dam
• Vaigai Dam
• Manimuthar Dam 
• The Papanasam Dam 
• Parampikulam Aliyar Project
• Water Resource Management

• Textile Industry 
• Silk Textiles
• Leather Industry
• Paper Industry
• Cement Industry

• Special Economic Zones
• Manufacturing & Engineering Industry
• Automobile Industries
• Handlooms and Powerlooms 
• Sugar Industry
• Tourism Industry

• Population
• What is Demography?
• Census

• roadways
• railways
• waterways
• airways

• Types of Trade 
  1. Internal trade
  2. International trade
• Exports
• Imports

• The path to Constitution
• The Constituent Assembly

• Citizenship Act (1955) 
• Acquisition of Citizenship
• Loss of Citizenship 

• Right to constitutional remedies (Articles - 32)
• Suspension of Fundamental Rights
• Differences between Fundamental Rights and Directive Principles of State Policy

• Introduction
• List of Fundamental Duties

• Legislative relations
• Administrative relations
• Financial relations

• National Emergency (Article 352)
• State emergency (Article 356)
• Financial emergency (Article 360)

• Procedure of Amendment
• Types of Amendments

• Qualification for the election as Vice President
• Election and term of the Vice-President
• Removal of the Vice President
• Functions of the Vice President

• Appointment of Prime Minister
• Duties and functions of Prime Minister
• Council of Ministers
• Categories of the Ministers
  (i) Cabinet Ministers
  (ii) Ministers of State
  (iii) Deputy Ministers

• Rajya Sabha:
  Qualification of the Members
  Term of House
  Election
• Lok Sabha:
  Qualification of the Members
  The term of the House
  Election
  Functions of the Lok Sabha
• The Speaker:
• Powers and Functions of the Parliament:

• Duties and Functions of Attorney General of India:

• Supreme Court
• Composition of the Supreme Court
• Appointment of Judges
• Qualification of Supreme Court Judges
• Powers and Functions of the Supreme Court
  (a) Original Jurisdiction
  (b) Appellate Jurisdiction 
  (c) Advisory Jurisdiction
  (d) Miscellaneous Jurisdiction
  (e) Judicial Review

• The Governor:
• Appointment:
• Qualification:
• Powers and Functions of the Governor:
  Executive Powers
  Legislative Powers
  Financial Powers  
  Judicial Powers
  Discretionary Powers
  Emergency Powers
• Privileges of the Governor:

• The appointment of the Chief Minister:
• Powers and functions of the Chief Minister:
  - Relating to the Council of Ministers 
  - Relating to the Governor 
  - Relating to State Legislature
• Council of Ministers:
  - Other Provisions relating to Ministers
  - The functions and powers of the Council of Ministers

• The Legislative Assembly (Lower House)
• The Legislative Council (Upper House)

• Legislative powers
• Financial Powers
• Controls over the Executive

• High Courts:
• Jurisdiction and Powers of High Court:
  - Original Jurisdiction
  - Appellate Jurisdiction
  - Writ Jurisdiction
  - Supervisory Jurisdiction 
  - Court of Record

• Foreign Policy in the 1950s and 1960s

• India's Foreign Policy during the Cold War Era 
• New Developments: in the 1990s and the 20^th Century
• India in the Resurgent 21^st Century

• Policy of Disarmament

• Difference between Domestic Policy and Foreign Policy
• Conclusion

• India and Afghanistan
• India and Bangladesh
• India and Bhutan
• India and China
• India and Maldives
• India and Myanmar
• India and Nepal
• India and Pakistan
• India and Sri Lanka

• BRICS:
  1. Reason for the formation of BRICS 
  2. Objectives of BRICS
  3. The financial architecture of BRICS
  4. BRICS payment system
  5. The factors that bolster co-operation among members
  
• OPEC:
  1. OPEC’s mission
  - How does OPEC help other countries?
  2. India’s relationship with OPEC
• Conclusion:

• Definition of GDP.

• Various terms associated with measuring of National Income
  1. Gross National Product (GNP)
  2. Gross Domestic Product (GDP)
  3. Net National Product (NNP)
  4. Net Domestic Product (NDP) 
  5. Per Capita Income (PCI)
  6. Personal Income (PI)
  7. Disposable Income (DI)

• Methods of GDP Calculating
• Importance of GDP
• Limitations of GDP

1. Primary Sector: (Agricultural Sector)
2. Secondary Sector: (Industrial Sector)
3. Tertiary: (Service Sector)

• Economic Growth
• Economic Development

• Factors supporting Indian development

• Archaic Globalization
• Proto Globalization
• Modern Globalization

• Early Traders
• European Traders
• The Portuguese
• The Dutch
• The British 
• The Danes
• The French

• Reforms made to adopt Globalization: (New Economic policy in India)

• Evolution of MNC
• Growth of MNCs in India
• Reasons for the growth MNC
  1. Expansion of Market territory
  2. Marketing superiorities
  3. Financial Superiorities 
  4. Technological superiorities
  5. Product innovations
• Advantages of MNC
• Disadvantages of MNC

• Principles of Fairtrade Organization
• GATT: (General Agreement on Trade and Tariffs)
• World Trade Organization (WTO)
• Objectives of W.T.O
• Trade-Related Aspects of Intellectual Property Rights (TRIPs)

• Positive Impact
• Negative Impact
• Challenges of Globalization

• Introduction of Food security
• Importance of Food Security

• Public Distribution System
• Role of Consumer Cooperatives in Food Security

• Factors affecting Purchasing Power:
  1. Overpopulation
  2. Increasing prices of essential goods
  3. Demand for goods
  4. Price of goods affect the value of the currency
  5. Production and supply of goods
  6. Poverty and inequality

• Multi-dimensional Poverty Index 2018 Report in Tamil Nadu

• Status of Nutrition
• Nutrition and Health Status in Tamil Nadu

1. Defence
2. Foreign policy
3. Conduct of periodic elections
4. Law and order
5. Public administration and provision of public goods
6. Redistribution of income and poverty alleviation
7. Regulate the economy

• Why Taxes?

• Proportional Tax
• Progressive Tax
• Regressive Tax
• Degressive Tax
• Direct Taxes:
  1. Income tax
  2. Corporate tax
  3. Wealth tax
• Indirect Taxes:
  1. Stamp duty 
  2. Entertainment tax
  3. Excise duty
• Service Tax
• Sales Tax or VAT
• Goods and Services Tax (GST)

• Progressive tax
• Proportionate taxes
• Regressive Taxes

• Black Money
• Causes of Black Money

• Tax evasion penalties

1. Resource mobilisation
2. Reduction inequalities of income
3. Social welfare
4. Foreign exchange
5. Regional development
6. Control of inflation

• What benefits does industrialisation bring to an economy?

• How Do Clusters Originate?

• Industrialisation in the Colonial Period
• Post-Independence to early 1990s
• Industrialisation in Tamil Nadu - Liberalization Phase

• Automotive Clusters
• Truck and Bus Body Building Industry Clusters
• Textile Clusters
• Leather and Leather Goods Clusters 
• Fireworks, Matches, and Printing Cluster
• Electronics and Information Technology (IT) Clusters

• Education
• Infrastructure
• Industrial Promotion
  The following are some agencies that have played a key role in industrialization in the state
  1. SIPCOT (State Industries Promotion Corporation of Tamil Nadu)
  2. TANSIDCO (Tamil Nadu Small Industries Development Corporation)
  3. TIDCO (Tamil Nadu Industrial Development Corporation), 1965
  4. TIIC (Tamil Nadu Industrial Investment Corporation Ltd.), 1949
  5. TANSI (Tamil Nadu Small Industries Corporation Ltd.), 1965
• Issues with Industrialisation

• Entrepreneurship
• Role of an Entrepreneur