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प्रश्न
Describe briefly how the Davisson-Germer experiment demonstrated the wave nature of electrons.
उत्तर
Experiment:
Experimental arrangement used by Davisson and Germer: Electrons from a hot tungsten cathode are accelerated by a potential difference V between the cathode (C) and anode (A).
A narrow hole in the anode renders the electrons into a fine beam of electrons and allows them to strike a nickel crystal.
The electrons are scattered in all directions by the atoms in the crystal and its intensity in a given direction is found by the use of a detector.
The graph is plotted between angle Φ (angle between incident and the scattered direction of the electron beam) and intensity of the scattered beam.
The experimental curves obtained by Davisson and Germer are as shown in the figure below:
संबंधित प्रश्न
An electron and a photon each have a wavelength of 1.00 nm. Find
(a) their momenta,
(b) the energy of the photon, and
(c) the kinetic energy of electron.
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Find the de Broglie wavelength of a neutron, in thermal equilibrium with matter, having an average kinetic energy of `(3/2)` kT at 300 K.
State any one phenomenon in which moving particles exhibit wave nature.
Why photoelectric effect cannot be explained on the basis of wave nature of light? Give reasons.
70 cal of heat is required to raise the temperature of 2 moles of an ideal gas at constant pressure from 30°C to 35°C. The amount of heat required to raise the temperature of the gas through the same range at constant volume will be (assume R = 2 cal/mol-K).
An electron (mass m) with an initial velocity `v = v_0hati` is in an electric field `E = E_0hatj`. If λ0 = h/mv0, it’s de Broglie wavelength at time t is given by ______.
Assuming an electron is confined to a 1 nm wide region, find the uncertainty in momentum using Heisenberg Uncertainty principle (∆x∆p ≃ h). You can assume the uncertainty in position ∆x as 1 nm. Assuming p ≃ ∆p, find the energy of the electron in electron volts.
The equation λ = `1.227/"x"` nm can be used to find the de Brogli wavelength of an electron. In this equation x stands for:
Where,
m = mass of electron
P = momentum of electron
K = Kinetic energy of electron
V = Accelerating potential in volts for electron
A particle of mass 4M at rest disintegrates into two particles of mass M and 3M respectively having non zero velocities. The ratio of de-Broglie wavelength of particle of mass M to that of mass 3M will be:
