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प्रश्न
Describe the case for planning.
उत्तर
The economic planning is justified on the following grounds.
(1) To accelerate and strengthen market mechanism:
- The market mechanism works imperfectly in underdeveloped countries because of ignorance and unfamiliarity with it. A large part of the economy comprises the non-monetized sector.
(2) To remove unemployment:
- Capital being scarce and labour being abundant, the problem of providing gainful employment opportunities to an ever-increasing labour force is a difficult task.
(3) To achieve balanced development:
- In the absence of sufficient enterprise and initiative, the planning authority is the only institution for planning the balanced development of the economy.
- (a) Development of Agriculture and Industrial Sectors: The need for developing the agriculture sector along with the industrial sector arises from the fact that agriculture and industry are interdependent.
- (b) Development of Infrastructure: The agriculture and industrial sectors cannot develop in the absence of economic and social overheads. The building of canals, roads, railways, power stations, etc., is indispensable for agricultural and industrial development.
- (c) Development of Money and Capital Markets: The expansion of the domestic and foreign trade requires not only the development of agricultural and industrial sectors along with social and economic overheads but also the existence of financial institutions.
(4) To remove poverty and inequalities:
- Planning is the only path open to underdeveloped countries, for raising national and per capita income, reducing inequalities and poverty, and increasing employment opportunities.
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संबंधित प्रश्न
Two years ago Nishant, completed his degree in Textile Engineering. He worked for sometime in a company manufacturing readymade garments. He was not happy in the company and decided to have his own readymade garments manufacturing unit. He set the objectives and the targets and formulate action plan to achieve the same. One of his objectives was to earn 80% profit on the amount invested in the first year. It was decided that raw materials like cloth, thread, buttons etc. will be purchased on two months credit. He also decided to follow the steps required for marketing the products through his own outlets. He appointed Ritesh as a production manager, who decides the exact manner in which the production activities are to be carried out. Ritesh also prepared a statement showing the requirement of workers in the factory throughout the year. Nishant informed Ritesh about his sales target for different products areawise for the forthcoming quarter. A penalty of Rs 200 per day was announced for the workers who found smoking in the factory premises.
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Match the FEATURES of Planning in Column I with the appropriate EXPLANATION in Column II.
| Column I | Column II | ||
| (1) | Mental exercise | (i) | Involves looking ahead and is regarded as a forward looking function. |
| (2) | Futuristic | (ii) | An intellectual activity of thinking rather than doing |
| (3) | Continuous | (iii) | Need for a new plan on the basis of new requirements and future conditions. |
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