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प्रश्न
Give a brief account of Mechanism of synaptic transmission.
उत्तर
Mechanisms of synaptic transmission
synapse is a junction between two neurons. It is present between the axon terminal of one neuron and the dendrite of next neuron, separated by a cleft.
There are two types of synaptic transmission.
- Chemical transmission
- Electrical transmission
1. Chemical transmission:
- When a nerve impulse reaches the end plate of the axon, it releases a neurotransmitter (acetylcholine) across the synaptic cleft. This chemical is synthesised in the cell body of the neuron and is transported to the axon terminal.
- The acetylcholine diffuses across the cleft and binds to the receptors present on the membrane of the next neuron. This causes depolarization of membrane and initiates an action potential.
2. Electrical transmission:
- In this type of transmission, an electric current is formed in the neuron. This electric current generates an action potential and leads to the transmission of nerve impulses across the nerve fibre.
- This represents a faster method of nerve conduction than the chemical method of transmission.
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संबंधित प्रश्न
Explain the role of Na+ in the generation of action potential.
Sketch and label formation of typical spinal nerve.
Long answer question.
Explain the process of conduction of nerve impulses up to the development of action potential.
Give function of astrocytes in nervous system.
What are the number of Na+ ions pumped out, and K+ ions pumped into the cell, with respect to the Na+ - K+ pump?
Neurotransmitters are removed from synaptic cleft by ____________ after transmission of impulse.
What is the average potential difference across the nerve cell membrane?
Which of the following is TRUE for the external tissue fluid in polarized state?
Identify the correct path of transmission of nerve impulse.
Which of the following statements is TRUE for medullated nerve fibre?
Potential difference across resting membrane is negative. This is due to differential distribution of the following ions ______.
Resting membrane potential is maintained by ______.
During resting potential, the axonal membrane is polarised, indicate the movement of +ve and –ve ions leading to polarisation diagrammatically.
What is the difference between electrical transmission and chemical transmission?
Explain the process of the transport and release of a neurotransmitter with the help of a labelled diagram showing a complete neuron, axon terminal and synapse.
Write a short note on the following:
Synapse
Write one word for the following:
Point of contact between two nerve cells.
