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प्रश्न
Write the names and symbols of two very reactive metals belonging to group 1 of the periodic table. Explain by drawing electronic structure, how either one of the two metals reacts with a halogen. With which name is the bond formed between these elements known and what is the class of the compound so formed known? State any four physical properties of such compounds.
उत्तर
Sodium (Na) and Potassium (K) are the two very reactive metals belonging to group 1 of the periodic table.
Let us see the formation of an ionic compound, namely Sodium Fluoride (NaF), when Sodium (Group 1 element) reacts with Fluorine ( Group 17 element). Sodium has 1 electron in its outermost shell whereas Fluorine has 7 electrons. When Sodium and Fluorine react, a transfer of electrons takes place from Sodium to Fluorine and an ionic compound is formed.
The following drawing clearly explains the reaction of Sodium and Fluorine:
Halogens are the non-metal elements which belong to group 17 of the periodic table. Metals are electropositive and have a tendency to lose electrons while non-metals are electronegative and have a tendency to accept electrons. Therefore, when a metal reacts with a non-metal, a transfer of electrons takes place, resulting in the formation of an ionic bond. The resulting compound is called an ionic compound.
Physical properties of Ionic Compounds:
1. Ionic compounds are solids.
2. They have high melting and boiling points.
3. They are generally soluble in water.
4. They conduct electricity in molten state.
संबंधित प्रश्न
A metal X is in the first group of the periodic table. What will be the formula of its oxide?
The elements Li, Na and K, each having one valence electron, are in period 2, 3 and 4 respectively of modern periodic table.
(i) In which group of the periodic table should they be ?
(ii) Which one of them is least reactive ?
(iii) Which one of them has the largest atomic radius ? Give reason in justify your answer in each case.
How did the early chemists classify elements?
Elements belonging to the same group have the same valency.
An element X from group 2 of the Periodic Table reacts with Y from group 17 to form a compound. Give the formula of the compound.
The atom of an element has electronic configuration 2, 8, 7. To which of the following elements would it be chemically similar?
Element ‘A’ has electronic configuration 2, 7; ‘B’ has electronic configuration 2, 8, 5 and ‘C’ has electronic configuration 2, 8, 7. Which two elements will exhibit similar chemical properties?
Arrange the following elements in the order of their decreasing metallic character
Na, Si, Cl, Mg, Al
An element X of group 15 exists as diatomic molecule and combines with hydrogen at 773 K in presence of the catalyst to form a compound, ammonia which has a characteristic pungent smell.
- Identify the element X. How many valence electrons does it have?
- Draw the electron dot structure of the diatomic molecule of X. What type of bond is formed in it?
- Draw the electron dot structure for ammonia and what type of bond is formed in it?
Which of the following metals have low melting and boiling point?
