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Question
Compare the solubility and thermal stability of the following compound of the alkali metals with those of the alkaline earth metals.
Nitrates
Solution
Thermal stability
Nitrates of alkali metals, except LiNO3, decompose on strong heating to form nitrites.
\[\ce{2KNO_{3(s)} - > 2KNO_{2(s)} + O_{2(g)}}\]
LiNO3, on decomposition, gives oxide.
\[\ce{2LiNO_{3(s)} ->[\Delta] Li2O_{(s)} + 2NO_{2(g)} + O_{2(g)}}\]
Similar to lithium nitrate, alkaline earth metal nitrates also decompose to give oxides.
\[\ce{2Ca(NO3)_{(s)} ->[|Delta] 2CaO_{(s)} + 4NO_{2(g)} + O_{2(g)}}\]
As we move down group 1 and group 2, the thermal stability of nitrate increases.
Solubility
Nitrates of both group 1 and group 2 metals are soluble in water.
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