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Question
Explain the significance of satellite DNA in DNA fingerprinting technique.
Solution
Satellite DNA are small non-coding but inheritable sequences of bases which can be separated as satellite from bulk DNA during density gradient centrifugation. Satellite DNA shows polymorphism which forms the basis of DNA fingerprinting. There are short nucleotide repeats in the DNA which are specific in each individual and vary in number from person to person but are not inherited. These are called ‘variable number tandem repeats’ or mini-satellites. Individuals inherit these repeats from their parents which are used as genetic markers in a personal identity test.
RELATED QUESTIONS
The genetic marker used as key factor in DNA fingerprinting is _______.
(A) VNTRs
(B) Exons
(C) Introns
(D) DNA probes
For DNA fingerprinting radioactive probe obtained from __________ is used in India.
(A) Banded Krait
(B) King Cobra
(C) Viper
(D) Rat snake
A number of passengers were severely burnt beyond recognition during a train accident. Name and describe a modern technique that can help hand over the dead to their relatives.
Briefly describe the technique employed in DNA fingerprinting.
Long Answer Question:
Guess (i) the possible location of DNA on the collected evidence from a crime scene and (ii) the possible sources of DNA.
| Evidence | Possible location of DNA on the evidence | Sources of DNA |
| e.g. Eyeglasses | e.g. Ear pieces | e.g. Sweat, Skin |
| Bottle, Can, Glass | Sides, mouthpiece | __________ |
| __________ | Handle | Sweat, skin, blood |
| Used cigarette | Cigarette butt | ____________ |
| Bite mark | ____________ | Saliva |
| __________ | Surface area | Hair, semen, sweet, urine |
What is the principle of DNA profiling?
For which of the following reason/s VNTRs is/are the key factor in DNA profiling?
Match the Column - I with Column - II and select the correct option
| Column - I | Column - II | ||
| (a) | Female banded Krait | (i) | Humulin |
| (b) | Pancreas from dog | (ii) | DNA sample |
| (c) | Hair root of human | (iii) | Insulin extracted and purified |
| (d) | E.coli | (iv) | DNA probe |
Short stretches of DNA used to identify the complementary sequences in a sample are called ______
Which one of the following is an incorrect statement with regard to pedigree analysis?
